Joint Pattern Analysis of Forest Fire and Drought Indicators in Southeast Asia Associated with ENSO and IOD

Nurdiati, Sri; Sopaheluwakan, Ardhasena; Septiawan, Pandu

doi:10.3390/atmos13081198

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…First, the land-surface model (Table 1) used in the WRF model relies on parameters Rainfall over the study area is influenced by the complex land-sea-atmospheric interaction, especially the zonal circulation in the equator. Drought-contributing fires have been attributed mainly to El Niño conditions [45]; however, the role of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) to drying peatland was also suggested [46][47][48]. Warm sea surface temperature in the western Indian and Pacific Oceans decreases moisture convergence over Indonesia [28,49], thus significantly reducing wet spells in July-October.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Rewetting Peatland on Fire Hazard in Riau, Indonesia

et al. 2023

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Rewetting peatland is an ongoing effort in Indonesia to restore the hydrological cycle and carbon balance of the ecosystem. However, quantifying the impact of rewetting on mitigating fire remains a challenge. Here, we assess the impact of large-scale rewetting on fire risks and occurrences (duration, coverage area, and the number of events) in 2015–2021. The weather research and forecasting (WRF) model was integrated with a drought–fire model to spatially quantify fire hazards in Riau, Sumatra. The results show that rewetting has resulted in decreasing the frequency of extreme events in the study area (pre- and post-rewetting, respectively, were seven and four events). Although the area influenced by extreme events reduced following rewetting by 5%, the mean duration of extreme events increased. Our findings reveal that widespread prolonged extreme fire hazards only occurred during drying El Niño events in 2015 and 2019. The findings obtained in this case study provide quantitative evidence of the reduced fire hazard resulting from peat restoration in Indonesia. Further, the findings assist in assessing the success of peatland restoration programs and improve our knowledge of the ability to monitor and forecast fire risks in tropical peatlands.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Rewetting Peatland on Fire Hazard in Riau, Indonesia

et al. 2023

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“…2012; Chen et al . 2017; Nurdiati et al . 2022) and anthropogenic activities such as forest fragmentation and degradation (Curran et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last few decades have also seen a marked increase in the frequency and magnitude of fire events in Dipterocap forests (Salafsky 1994;Folkins et al 1997;Salafsky 1998;Siegert et al 2001;Huijnen et al 2016). The observed trend has been linked to the compounding effects of more severe El Niño events (van der Werf et al 2004;Wooster et al 2012;Chen et al 2017;Nurdiati et al 2022) and anthropogenic activities such as forest fragmentation and degradation (Curran et al 1999;Chapman et al 2020). Therefore, it is highly likely that an future intensification of ENSO coupled with anthropogenic activities will be accompanied by heightened fire activity in the region.…”

Section: Implications For Conservation and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Ecological Responses of a Dipterocarp Forest to Climate Changes and Nutrient Availability

Prohaska

Seddon

Rach

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Understanding the long-term impact of projected climatic changes on tropical rainforests is critical given their central role in the Earth's system. Palaeo-records that document ecological responses to comparable climatic changes in the past can provide a valuable perspective on this problem. Here we examine for the first time the effects of past climatic changes on the dominant forest type of Southeast Asia - Dipterocarp forest. We use a range of proxies extracted from a 1,400-year-old lacustrine sedimentary sequence from north-eastern Philippines, including fossil pollen, charcoal, and stable isotopes, to model long-term vegetation responses of Dipterocarp forest, including its dominant tree family Dipterocarps, to precipitation, fire and nutrient variability over time. Our results show a positive relationship between Dipterocarp pollen accumulation rates (PARs) and leaf wax hydrogen isotope values, which suggest a negative effect of drier conditions on the abundance of Dipterocarp trees. Furthermore, we find a positive relationship between Dipterocarp PARs and the proxy for phosphorus availability, which suggests phosphorus controls the productivity of this keystone tree group on longer time scales. Other plant taxa show widely varying relationships with the abiotic factors, demonstrating a high diversity of functional responses. Our findings provide novel insights into Dipterocarp forest responses to changing climatic conditions in the past, and highlight potential impacts of future climate change on this globally important ecosystem.

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“…The last few decades have also seen a marked increase in the frequency and magnitude of fire events in dipterocap forests (Salafsky, 1994, 1998; Folkins et al ., 1997; Siegert et al ., 2001; Huijnen et al ., 2016). The observed trend has been linked to the compounding effects of more severe El Niño events (van der Werf et al ., 2004; Wooster et al ., 2012; Chen et al ., 2017; Nurdiati et al ., 2022) and anthropogenic activities such as forest fragmentation and degradation (Curran et al ., 1999; Chapman et al ., 2020). Therefore, it is highly likely that a future intensification of ENSO coupled with anthropogenic activities will result in heightened fire activity in the region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term ecological responses of a lowland dipterocarp forest to climate changes and nutrient availability

Prohaska,

Seddon,

Rach

et al. 2023

New Phytologist

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Summary Understanding the long‐term impact of projected climate change on tropical rainforests is critical given their central role in the Earth's system. Palaeoecological records can provide a valuable perspective on this problem. Here, we examine the effects of past climatic changes on the dominant forest type of Southeast Asia – lowland dipterocarp forest. We use a range of proxies extracted from a 1400‐yr‐old lacustrine sedimentary sequence from north‐eastern Philippines to determine long‐term vegetation responses of lowland dipterocarp forest, including its dominant tree group dipterocarps, to changes in precipitation, fire and nutrient availability over time. Our results show a positive relationship between dipterocarp pollen accumulation rates (PARs) and leaf wax hydrogen isotope values, which suggests a negative effect of drier conditions on dipterocarp abundance. Furthermore, we find a positive relationship between dipterocarp PARs and the proxy for phosphorus availability, which suggests phosphorus controls the productivity of these keystone trees on longer time scales. Other pollen taxa show widely varying relationships with the abiotic factors, demonstrating a high diversity of plant functional responses. Our findings provide novel insights into lowland dipterocarp forest responses to changing climatic conditions in the past and highlight potential impacts of future climate change on this globally important ecosystem.

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Joint Pattern Analysis of Forest Fire and Drought Indicators in Southeast Asia Associated with ENSO and IOD

Cited by 8 publications

References 78 publications

The Impact of Rewetting Peatland on Fire Hazard in Riau, Indonesia

The Impact of Rewetting Peatland on Fire Hazard in Riau, Indonesia

Long-Term Ecological Responses of a Dipterocarp Forest to Climate Changes and Nutrient Availability

Long‐term ecological responses of a lowland dipterocarp forest to climate changes and nutrient availability

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