Joint orientation in Devonian rocks in the northern portion of the lower peninsula of Michigan

Holst, Timothy B.; Foote, Gary R.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1981)92<85:joidri>2.0.co;2

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Fractures in the Antrim Shale have been described by many workers (Apotria et al 1994;Caramanica 1994;Decker et al 1992;Dellapenna 1991;Dellapenna & Harrison 1993;Holst & Foote 1981;Versical 1991;Walter et al 1996). The descriptions of the dominant fracture sets are based on surface exposures of fractured Antrim Shale, as well as orientated cores and borehole-imaging logs.…”

Section: Fracture Geometrymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…1994; Caramanica 1994; Decker et al . 1992; Dellapenna 1991; Dellapenna & Harrison 1993;Holst & Foote 1981; Versical 1991; Walter et al . 1996).…”

Section: Geologic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most authors agree that there are two dominant sets of subvertical to vertical fractures, one orientated northwest and the other northeast, and a third set of inclined fractures that trend northeast and may be of importance to reservoir permeability. Locally important east‐west fractures have also been noted (Holst & Foote 1981; Apotria et al . 1994).…”

Section: Geologic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fracture‐fill calcite as a record of microbial methanogenesis and fluid migration: a case study from the Devonian Antrim Shale, Michigan Basin

et al. 2002

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The Devonian Antrim Shale is an organic-rich, naturally fractured black shale in the Michigan Basin that serves as both a source and reservoir for natural gas. A well-developed network of major, through-going vertical fractures controls reservoir-scale permeability in the Antrim Shale. Many fractures are open, but some are partially sealed by calcite cements that retain isotopic evidence of widespread microbial methanogenesis. Fracture filling calcite displays an unusually broad spectrum of d 13 C values (þ34 to À41% PDB), suggesting that both aerobic and anaerobic bacterial processes were active in the reservoir. Calcites with high d 13 C values (>þ15%) record cementation of fractures from dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) generated during bacterial methanogenesis. Calcites with low d 13 C values (<À32%) are solely associated with outcrop samples and record methane oxidation during cement precipitation. Fracture-fill calcite with d 13 C values between À10 and À30% can be attributed to variable organic matter oxidation pathways, methane oxidation, and carbonate rock buffering. Identification of 13 C-rich calcite provides unambiguous evidence of biogenic methane generation and may be used to identify gas deposits in other sedimentary basins.It is likely that repeated glacial advances and retreats exposed the Antrim Shale at the basin margin, enhanced meteoric recharge into the shallow part of the fractured reservoir, and initiated multiple episodes of bacterial methanogenesis and methanotrophic activity that were recorded in fracture-fill cements. The d 18 O values in both formation waters and calcite cements increase with depth in the basin (À12 to À4% SMOW, and þ21 to þ27% PDB, respectively). Most fracture-fill cements from outcrop samples have d 13 C values between À41 and À15% PDB. In contrast, most cement in cores have d 13 C values between þ15 and þ34% PDB. Radiocarbon and 230 Th dating of fracture-fill calcite indicates that the calcite formed between 33 and 390 ka, well within the Pleistocene Epoch.

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Section: Fracture Geometrymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…1994; Caramanica 1994; Decker et al . 1992; Dellapenna 1991; Dellapenna & Harrison 1993;Holst & Foote 1981; Versical 1991; Walter et al . 1996).…”

Section: Geologic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologic Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fracture‐fill calcite as a record of microbial methanogenesis and fluid migration: a case study from the Devonian Antrim Shale, Michigan Basin

et al. 2002

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“…These fractures, generally uncemented or lined by thin coatings of calcite (Holst and Foote, 1981;Decker et al, 1992;Martini et al, 1998), have been mapped for several meters in the vertical direction and tens of meters horizontally in surface exposures. Attempts to establish production in the Antrim outside this trend have commonly encountered organic, gasrich shale but minimal natural fracturing and, hence, permeability (Hill and Nelson, 2000).…”

Section: Antrim Shale Of the Michigan Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractured shale-gas systems

Curtis¹

2002

Bulletin

600

178

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“…2). Nearly 5000 measurements by Hoist and Foote (1981) and Hoist (1982) at 43 localities across northern Michigan show that the dominant joint sets in Devonian strata are oriented northeast-southwest (average orientation 052°) and northwest-southeast (average orientation 314°). Two additional, but subordinate, joint sets are oriented north-south (average orientation 002°) and east-west (average orientation 272°).…”

Section: Outcrop Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture patterns and their origin in the upper Devonian Antrim Shale gas reservoir of the Michigan basin: A review

Ryder¹

1996

Open-File Report

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Joint orientation in Devonian rocks in the northern portion of the lower peninsula of Michigan

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Fracture‐fill calcite as a record of microbial methanogenesis and fluid migration: a case study from the Devonian Antrim Shale, Michigan Basin

Fracture‐fill calcite as a record of microbial methanogenesis and fluid migration: a case study from the Devonian Antrim Shale, Michigan Basin

Fractured shale-gas systems

Fracture patterns and their origin in the upper Devonian Antrim Shale gas reservoir of the Michigan basin: A review

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