Joint drumming: Social context facilitates synchronization in preschool children

Kirschner, Sebastian; Tomasello, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2008.07.005

Cited by 378 publications

(387 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Behavioral evidence, however, from both adults (e.g. Okita et al, 2007;Laidlaw et al, 2011) and children (Kuhl et al, 2003;Goldstein and Schwade, 2008;Kirschner and Tomasello, 2009) suggests that live, interactive context significantly alters response to otherwise matched social stimuli. Adult neuroimaging research has begun to identify the neural bases of social interaction (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived live interaction modulates the developing social brain

Rice

Moraczewski

Redcay³

2016

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Although children's social development is embedded in social interaction, most developmental neuroscience studies have examined responses to non-interactive social stimuli (e.g. photographs of faces). The neural mechanisms of real-world social behavior are of special interest during middle childhood (roughly ages 7-13), a time of increased social complexity and competence coinciding with structural and functional social brain development. Evidence from adult neuroscience studies suggests that social interaction may alter neural processing, but no neuroimaging studies in children have directly examined the effects of live social-interactive context on social cognition. In the current study of middle childhood, we compare the processing of two types of speech: speech that children believed was presented over a real-time audio-feed by a social partner and speech that they believed was recorded. Although in reality all speech was prerecorded, perceived live speech resulted in significantly greater neural activation in regions associated with social cognitive processing. These findings underscore the importance of using ecologically-valid and interactive methods to understand the developing social brain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived live interaction modulates the developing social brain

Rice

Moraczewski

Redcay³

2016

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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“…An increasing number of studies demonstrate a central function for beat-based synchronization in refining certain elements of social interaction, including a role in enhancing person perception (Macrae et al, 2008), social perception (Miles et al, 2009), social cooperation (Wiltermuth & Heath, 2009), and increased affiliation (Hove & Risen, 2009). Moreover, the continuous and mutual adjustment to another person's pace may align not just rhythm and movement, but also interpersonal affective dynamics (Cross, 2005;Cross, Laurence, & Rabinowitch, 2012) and intentionality (Cross, 2005;Kirschner & Tomasello, 2009). Such an acquired readiness and ability to attend and adjust to others and to coordinate with them might potentially contribute to reinforcing a capacity for, and willingness to, adapt also to someone else's emotional situation, and to thus experience empathy towards that person.…”

Section: How Does Music Increase Empathy?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How, Rather Than What Type of, Music Increases Empathy

Rabinowitch¹

2015

EMR

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In their article on music and empathy, Greenberg, Rentfrow and BaronCohen propose to employ the Emphasizing-Systemizing (E-S) theory as a framework for analyzing the intrapersonal and social psychological processes that underlie the capacity of music to promote empathy. In particular, the authors consider the implications of E-S theory for autism, and speculate about which types of music might be most effective for increasing empathy in individuals with autistic spectrum conditions (ASC). The main premise of the article is that different personality types, characterized as empathizers versus systemizers, prefer different types of music, and that the key for increasing empathy with music is to choose the type of music that is most associated with empathizers. This commentary attempts to shift the focus of analysis from the type of music, to the more fundamental mechanisms by which music in general may promote empathy. From this alternative perspective E-S theory leads to surprising theoretical predictions about music, empathy, and ASC. WHAT TYPES OF MUSIC INCREASE EMPATHY?"IF one listens to the wrong kind of music, one will become the wrong kind of person." This famous claim by Aristotle represents an age-old belief that music has the capacity to mold character, and that different types of music influence us in distinct ways. Following this tradition, Greenberg et al. set out to identify what types of music should be most effective for promoting empathy. Their strategy is based on the rationale that those types of music that are most preferred by particularly empathic individuals might, in reverse, increase empathy in those that have a weaker capacity for empathy. The Empathizing-Systemizing (E-S) theory (Baron-Cohen, 2003;2009) is used as a framework for characterizing individuals' cognitive styles according to their tendencies to empathize versus systemize. Empathizing consists of sensitivity to the emotions and mental states of other agents, whereas systemizing comprises responsiveness to the underlying parts and organization of non-agentive systems. The authors hypothesize that empathizers will tend to prefer music that is emotional, deep, reflective, romantic, and gentle, whereas systemizers will prefer energetic, thrilling, and forceful music. Moreover, since according to E-S theory individuals with autistic spectrum conditions (ASC) are extreme systemizers and poor empathizers, the authors expect ASC individuals to be drawn to music containing multiple patterns of complex instrumentation and intricate harmonic and rhythmic systems. The ultimate theoretical prediction made is that emotional, deep, reflective, romantic, gentle music, assumed to be the most appealing to empathizers, will be the most effective in enhancing empathy.

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“…Minimally it seems readily feasible to address the coordination of one discrete and one continuous movement without losing the power and the current framework, but other type of differences between observed and executed movement patterns may have to be envisioned. To close this part, one cannot resist but evoking the studies showing how basic rhythmic behaviors, basically the actions implying a sensorimotor coupling with a periodic event in the environment, like the one introducing originally the present framework of coordination dynamics, are very likely to be originally acquired through social encounters (Kirschner and Tomasello, 2009; Wiltermuth and Heath, 2009). …”

Section: Tracking the Onset Of Synchronization Between Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for the understanding of the dynamics of social coordination

Lagarde

2013

Front. Neurorobot.

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The way people interact can be examined by looking at the way they move relative to each other. Seeking the principles behind those interactions have consequences potentially related to any type of interpersonal function, far beyond the so-called “motor” processes typically associated with the study of movements, be it perceptive, cognitive, affective, pragmatic, or epistemic. Here, we present the way the framework of coordination dynamics define and addresses the interactive actions in a dyad. We first introduce the basics of pattern formation as the roots of the theoretical approach of coordination dynamics, and then the way this framework may contribute to establish a solution to classify behaviors. Thereafter we review promising empirical results on the dynamics of interpersonal coordination, and finally discuss were to go next to decipher the way the coordination between two people and the way each individual contribute may be disentangled.

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Joint drumming: Social context facilitates synchronization in preschool children

Cited by 378 publications

References 38 publications

Perceived live interaction modulates the developing social brain

Perceived live interaction modulates the developing social brain

How, Rather Than What Type of, Music Increases Empathy

Challenges for the understanding of the dynamics of social coordination

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