Joint distribution of lipoprotein cholesterol classes. The Framingham study.

Abbott, R D; Garrison, Robert J.; Wilson, Peter W.F.; Epstein, F. H.; Castelli, W P; Feinleib, Manning; Larue, Catherine

doi:10.1161/01.atv.3.3.260

Cited by 128 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…At that time, their metabolic profile was comparable to that of their lean controls despite the persistence of a considerable betweengroup difference in adiposity. Moreover, the fact that our control subjects were younger by 6 to 8 years for men and women, respectively, reinforces our conclusions since it has been repeatedly demonstrated that aging is commonly related to a deterioration of the metabolic profile (45)(46)(47). Thus, obese subjects were "metabolically fit" but still overweight when they achieved the reduced-obese state, a notion which we have described in the past (42).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Metabolic Fitness in Active Reduced‐Obese Individuals

et al. 1999

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TREMBLAY, ANGELO, ERIC DOUCET, PASCAL DESPRES, AND DENIS RICHARD. Metabolic fitness in active reduced-obese individuals. Obes Res. 1999;7:556-563. Objective: To verify whether a physical activity-low-fat diet follow-up could normalize the metabolic risk profile of reduced-obese men and women having undergone considerable weight loss through energy restriction and drug therapy. Research Methods and Procedures: Twenty obese individuals (12 men, 8 women) participated in a weightreducing program that included two phases. In the first phase, a non-macronutrient-specific dietary restriction of about 700 kcal/day was prescribed to induce weight loss over 15 weeks, with either fenfluramine or placebo. The second phase consisted of a physical activity-low-fat diet follow-up that was maintained as long as subjects did not experience resistance to further body weight and fat loss. Resistance to lose fat occurred after a mean cumulative fat loss of 14 and 8 kg in men and women, respectively. Results: Despite this substantial decrease in body fat, subjects' adiposity remained much higher at the end of this protocol than values observed in lean control subjects. However, fasting plasma levels of insulin, cholesterol, highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoproteincholesterol, and triglyceride as well as the response of insulin and glucose to oral glucose were normalized at the end of the physical activity-low-fat diet follow-up. Discussion: These results indicate that further weight and fat losses may not be justified when a moderate body weight loss resulting in a highly favorable improvement of meta-IMBEAULT, PASCALE MAURIEGE, JEAN-PIERRE

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Metabolic Fitness in Active Reduced‐Obese Individuals

et al. 1999

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“…No consistent effect of age was noted on HDL cholesterol and the total cholesterol-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, which is consistent with earlier reports (40 -42). Despite the lack of age difference in HDL cholesterol, the trends for an increase noted in triglyceride, cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol suggest a worsening of the blood-lipid profile that is supported by other studies (41,42). It should be kept in mind that age-related changes in the blood-lipid profile were modest and did not exceed levels that would warrant pharmacological intervention (43).…”

Section: Denino and Associatesmentioning

confidence: 65%

Contribution of Abdominal Adiposity to Age-Related Differences in Insulin Sensitivity and Plasma Lipids in Healthy Nonobese Women

DeNino¹,

Tchernof²,

Dionne³

et al. 2001

Diabetes Care

198

119

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OBJECTIVE -We examined the hypothesis that an age-related increase in the compartments of visceral fat would account, in part, for the deleterious changes in insulin sensitivity and blood lipid profile in nonobese women.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We directly assessed visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue areas (computed tomography), glucose disposal (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), blood-lipid profile, and aerobic fitness (VO 2max ) in 178 nonobese women categorized into four age groups: group 1, 28 Ϯ 4 years, n ϭ 88; group 2, 46 Ϯ 2 years, n ϭ 38; group 3, 53 Ϯ 2 years, n ϭ 31; and group 4, 67 Ϯ 6 years, n ϭ 21.RESULTS -Visceral abdominal adipose tissue area increased with age (2.36 cm 2 per year, P Ͻ 0.0001). We noted an age-related increase in total cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.0003), triglycerides (P Ͻ 0.0009), LDL cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.027), and the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (P Ͻ 0.042). However, age-related changes in insulin sensitivity exhibited a different age-related pattern. That is, insulin sensitivity, expressed on an absolute basis or indexed per kilogram of fat-free mass, was lowest in group 4 but was not significantly different among groups 1, 2, and 3. After statistical control for visceral fat, lower insulin sensitivity persisted in group 4, although differences were diminished relative to other groups. However, the effect of visceral fat on age-related changes in the blood-lipid profile was stronger. That is, differences in visceral and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue area abolished age-related differences in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol. No independent effects of VO 2max or leisure-time physical activity on age-related changes in insulin sensitivity or on the blood-lipid profile were noted.CONCLUSIONS -We conclude that 1) visceral fat shows an increase with advancing age, whereas a decrease in insulin sensitivity was noted only in older women; 2) age-related differences in visceral fat explain only a modest part of the decline in insulin sensitivity in nonobese women; and 3) unfavorable changes in plasma lipids were strongly associated with the agerelated increase in visceral abdominal adipose tissue. Diabetes Care 24:925-932, 2001

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“…Furthermore, LDL-cholesterol increased with age, from 3·37 in the young, to 3·76 in the middle aged and to 4·05 mM/l in the old aged. Additionally, VLDLcholesterol has been observed to either remain steady or increase with age, while HDL-cholesterol appears to be unaffected by the ageing process (58,59) . Abbott et al also found sex influences the lipoprotein profile.…”

Section: Intrinsic Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating cholesterol metabolism and ageing using a systems biology approach

et al. 2016

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CVD accounted for 27 % of all deaths in the UK in 2014, and was responsible for 1·7 million hospital admissions in 2013/2014. This condition becomes increasingly prevalent with age, affecting 34·1 and 29·8 % of males and females over 75 years of age respectively in 2011. The dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism with age, often observed as a rise in LDL-cholesterol, has been associated with the pathogenesis of CVD. To compound this problem, it is estimated by 2050, 22 % of the world's population will be over 60 years of age, in culmination with a growing resistance and intolerance to pre-existing cholesterol regulating drugs such as statins. Therefore, it is apparent research into additional therapies for hypercholesterolaemia and CVD prevention is a growing necessity. However, it is also imperative to recognise this complex biological system cannot be studied using a reductionist approach; rather its biological uniqueness necessitates a more integrated methodology, such as that offered by systems biology. In this review, we firstly discuss cholesterol metabolism and how it is affected by diet and the ageing process. Next, we describe therapeutic strategies for hypercholesterolaemia, and finally how the systems biology paradigm can be utilised to investigate how ageing interacts with complex systems such as cholesterol metabolism. We conclude by emphasising the need for nutritionists to work in parallel with the systems biology community, to develop novel approaches to studying cholesterol metabolism and its interaction with ageing.

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Joint distribution of lipoprotein cholesterol classes. The Framingham study.

Cited by 128 publications

References 16 publications

Metabolic Fitness in Active Reduced‐Obese Individuals

Metabolic Fitness in Active Reduced‐Obese Individuals

Contribution of Abdominal Adiposity to Age-Related Differences in Insulin Sensitivity and Plasma Lipids in Healthy Nonobese Women

Investigating cholesterol metabolism and ageing using a systems biology approach

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