Joint closed-loop power control and constrained LMS algorithm for DS-CDMA receiver in multipath fading channels

Abstract

In this paper, we propose smart step closed-loop power control (SSPC) algorithm in a direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) receiver in the presence of frequency-selective Rayleigh fading. This receiver consists of three stages. In the first stage, with constrained least mean squared (CLMS) algorithm, the desired users' signal in an arbitrary path is passed and the inter-path interference (IPI) is reduced in other paths in each RAKE finger. Also in this stage, the multiple access interference (MAI) from other users is reduced. Thus, the matched filter (MF) can be used for the MAI and IPI reduction in each RAKE finger in the second stage. Also in the third stage, the output signals from the matched filters are combined according to the conventional maximal ratio combining (MRC) principle and then are fed into the decision circuit of the desired user. The simulation results indicate that the convergence speed of the SSPC algorithm is faster than other algorithms. Also, we observe that significant saving in total transmit power (TTP) are possible with our proposed algorithm.Index Terms-Adaptive beamforming, constrained LMS, closed-loop power control, DS-CDMA, total transmit power.

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“…Furthermore, analytical and simulation results are presented that show the convergence of the algorithm under the same conditions as that given in the earlier results. In [25] smart step closed-loop power control (SSPC) algorithm introduced in a DS-CDMA receiver assuming frequency-selective Rayleigh fading. The proposed receiver comprises three phases.…”