Joint association of cardiovascular health and frailty with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective study
Ning Ning,
Xiaoting Fan,
Yuan Zhang
et al.
Abstract:Background
Poor cardiovascular health (CVH) and physical frailty were reported to increase mortality risk, but their joint effects have not been fully elucidated.
Objectives
We aimed to explore the separate and joint effects of CVH and frailty on mortality based on two perspectives of Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) and Framingham Risk Score (FRS).
Methods
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