Joint and individual effectiveness of galvanic cutaneous stimulation and tactile stimulation at decreasing Simulator Adaptation Syndrome

Abstract

This research was focused on investigating the effectiveness of galvanic cutaneous stimulation and tactile stimulation jointly and individually at mitigating Simulator Adaptation Syndrome. Forty drivers (mean age = 23.1 ± 3.4 years old, twenty women) participated in a driving simulation experiment. Total scores of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire, head movements (an index of body balance), and driving performance variables were compared across four different stimulation conditions: i) baseline (where no stimulation was presented), ii) galvanic cutaneous stimulation and iii) tactile stimulation deployed individually, and iv) both techniques deployed jointly. The results showed that both techniques presented in conjunction alleviate Simulator Adaptation Syndrome and improve driving performance more effectively than when they are presented in isolation. Importantly, reduced head movements were only revealed when galvanic cutaneous stimulation was applied. We concluded that the reduction of this syndrome is due to an improvement of body balance (elicited by galvanic cutaneous stimulation), and a distraction from the symptoms (elicited by tactile stimulation). We encourage the use of both techniques simultaneously to decrease Simulator Adaptation Syndrome.

Motion sickness: current concepts and management

“…Other methods to reduce motion sickness/VIMS have been tested over the past years, some of them showing promising results. For instance, galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) reduced VIMS in virtual reality [45], specifically when combined with sounds or tactile stimulation [46 ▪ ,47]. The positive effect of multisensory stimulation on VIMS has been shown for combinations of seat vibration and sounds that match the visual scene in a driving simulator [48], although the robustness of this multisensory effect remains questionable [49].…”

A Systematic Literature Review for Measure, Estimation, and Mitigation of Motion Sickness in Vehicle Environment

“…Countermeasures for MS in the studies can be categorized into two main areas: optimizing driving style and personalized measures. The former involved modifying acceleration profiles, exposure time, and lane position of the vehicle (Jones, 2019; Yanggu, 2023), while the latter examined the effects of seat arrangement, head-tilt, motion cue, and galvanic cutaneous stimulation on MS (Salter, 2019; Li, 2022; Kuiper, 2018; Gálvez-García et al, 2020).…”