Job Strain and Health Behaviors: Results of a Prospective Study

Landsbergis, Paul; Schnall, Peter L.; Deitz, Diane; Warren, Katherine; Pickering, Thomas G.; Schwartz, Joseph E.

doi:10.4278/0890-1171-12.4.237

Cited by 133 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The full model has been confirmed in a minority of studies only (23)(24)(25)(26). Single components have only partially been found to be significantly related to smoking status (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33) and, if so, more often among women than among men. Eight studies did not report any association between model components and smoking status (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41).…”

Section: The Challenge Of Mechanisms: Health Risk Behaviormentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Again, most of the studies are cross-sectional (25,28,29,37,39,40,44,(47)(48)(49)(50)(51) and concern the demand-control model. Six studies are based on longitudinal data (30,45,(52)(53)(54)(55). It is of interest to note that four of the studies found at least partial support for a role of work stress in heavy alcohol consumption or alcohol dependency (52-55), particularly among men.…”

Section: Alcohol Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Work stress and health risk behavior

Siegrist¹,

Rödel²

2006

Scand J Work Environ Health

297

218

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Section: The Challenge Of Mechanisms: Health Risk Behaviormentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Alcohol Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work stress and health risk behavior

Siegrist¹,

Rödel²

2006

Scand J Work Environ Health

297

218

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“…5 While some studies have found an association between high strain, 6,7 high demands, 6,8,9 low control, 3,10 and increased BMI, other studies have reported no associations between these psychosocial characteristics of the work environment and BMI, [11][12][13][14] and, in some samples, high strain or low control were associated with lower BMI. 15,16 Associations of job strain and its components with BMI have been found to vary by sex, but not in a consistent manner 17 and stress has also been proposed to be linked with BMI beyond the work context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Work stress, weight gain and weight loss: evidence for bidirectional effects of job strain on body mass index in the Whitehall II study

et al. 2006

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Objective: Previous research has focused on overall associations between work stress and body mass index (BMI) ignoring the possibility that stress may cause some people to eat less and lose weight and others to eat more. Using longitudinal data, we studied whether work stress induced weight loss in lean individuals and weight gain in overweight individuals. Design: Prospective cohort study. Subjects: A total of 7965 British civil servants (5547 men and 2418 women) aged 35-55 at study entry (The Whitehall II study). Measurements: Work stress, indicated by the job strain model and measured as job control, job demands and job strain, was assessed at baseline and BMI at baseline and at 5-year follow-up. Results: In men, the effect of job strain on weight gain and weight loss was dependent on baseline BMI (Pp0.03). In the leanest quintile (BMIo22 kg/m 2 ) at baseline, high job strain and low job control were associated with weight loss by follow-up, whereas among those in the highest BMI quintile (427 kg/m 2 ), these stress indicators were associated with subsequent weight gain. No corresponding interaction was seen among women. Conclusion: Inconsistent findings reported by previous studies of stress and BMI have generally been interpreted to indicate the absence of an association. In light of our results, the possibility of differential effects of work stress should also be taken into account.

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“…This might explain, in part, the mechanism underpinning the interactive effects proposed by Kivimäki et al (J Occup Health 2010; 52: 66-73) Key words: Body mass index, Hyperphagia, Obesity, Psychological stress When stressed, some people lose and other people gain weight 1) . Although some studies have found associations between stressful work environments and increased body mass index (BMI) [2][3][4][5][6][7] , others have reported no associations between these variables [8][9][10][11][12][13] . Moreover, a highly stressful work environment was associated with low BMIs in several samples 14,15) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Job Stress and Body Mass Index on Over‐eating

Takaki

Minoura

Irimajiri

et al. 2010

Journal of Occupational Health

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Interactive Effects of Job Stress andBody Mass Index on Over-eating: Jiro TAKAKI, et al. Department of Public Health, Okayama UniversityGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences-Objectives: Recent prospective evidence drawn from the Whitehall II cohort reported by Kivimäki et al. implies that stressful situations are related to decreased body weight in thin men and increased body weight in obese men, whereas no corresponding interactive effects are observed in women. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unknown, and the purpose of this study was to confirm our hypothesis that the relevant mechanism is behavioral (e.g., over-eating). Methods: The subjects of this survey were 607 Japanese workers (response rate: 60.5%) in four organizations. The questionnaire solicited demographic information and included the Bulimia scale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-EZ to measure tendencies toward overeating as well as the Japanese version of the EffortReward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERIQ). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated on the basis of data obtained during medical check-ups. We tested for linear and interactive effects with hierarchical regression analyses. Results: BMI was significantly (p<0.05) associated with over-eating both univariately and after adjusting for age in both sexes. Significant (p<0.05) interactions showed that ERIQ effort scores and effort-reward ratios were more positively associated with over-eating in men with higher BMIs, and ERIQ reward and financial remuneration scores Field Studywere more negatively associated with over-eating in men with higher BMIs. No corresponding interactive effects were observed among women. Conclusions:The results demonstrate that stressful situations are more associated with over-eating in men with higher BMIs. This might explain, in part, the mechanism underpinning the interactive effects proposed by Kivimäki et al. (J Occup Health 2010; 52: 66-73) Key words: Body mass index, Hyperphagia, Obesity, Psychological stress When stressed, some people lose and other people gain weight 1) . Although some studies have found associations between stressful work environments and increased body mass index (BMI) [2][3][4][5][6][7] , others have reported no associations between these variables [8][9][10][11][12][13] . Moreover, a highly stressful work environment was associated with low BMIs in several samples 14,15) . A review and a cross-sectional study showed that the association between a stressful work environment and BMI were inconsistent and differed by sex 16,17) . Recent prospective evidence drawn from the Whitehall II cohort implies that stressful situations are related to decreased body weight in thin men (BMI<22 kg/m 2 ) and increased body weight in obese men (BMI>27 kg/m 2 ), whereas no corresponding interactive effects are observed in women 18) . These interactive effects might explain, in part, the aforementioned inconsistent findings, but the mechanism by which these effects operate remains unknown. We hypothesized...

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Job Strain and Health Behaviors: Results of a Prospective Study

Abstract: The effectiveness of smoking cessation may be aided by modification of structural features of the work environment, such as job decision latitude. This study is limited by the small number of subjects who were engaged in high risk behaviors.

Cited by 133 publications

References 75 publications

Work stress and health risk behavior

Work stress and health risk behavior

Work stress, weight gain and weight loss: evidence for bidirectional effects of job strain on body mass index in the Whitehall II study

Interactive Effects of Job Stress and Body Mass Index on Over‐eating

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