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Solar near-relativistic electron observations as a proof of a back-scatter region beyond 1 AU during the 2000 February 18 event

“…We used electron intensities measured by the LEFS60 telescope of the EPAM experiment on the ACE spacecraft in three energy channels: E'2 (62-102 keV), E'3 (102-175 keV) and E'4 (175-312 keV) (Gold et al 1998). The LEFS60 telescope utilizes the spin of the spacecraft to define eight sectors (Gold et al 1998), so that particle flux anisotropy can be studied by comparing counting rates from each sector.…”

“…Agueda et al (2010) explored the first approach by using Monte Carlo simulations of the particle transport along an Archimedean interplanetary magnetic field. Their goal was to fit the 2000 February 18 electron event observed by the LEFS60 telescope of the EPAM experiment on board ACE (Gold et al 1998) making use of observational sectored intensities. This ensures that the directional information contained in the data is used in full to explain the event.…”

A systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton background: IV

“…We used particle data from the Low Energy Magnetic Spectrometers (LEMS), LEMS120 and LEMS30, of the EPAM instrument dedicated to monitor the low energy (46 keV -4.8 MeV) protons [22]. Of particular interest for our purposes are the low energy channels of those detectors, P1 which covers the 46-67 keV energy range and P2 which covers the 67-115 keV energy range ( refers to the channels for LEMS120).…”

Particle Acceleration on the Sun and in the Heliosphere

“…The analysis is by Ho et al (2001) utilized data from the EPAM (Gold et al, 1998) and ULEIS (Mason et aI., 1998) instruments on the ACE spacecraft located in a Lagrangian L1 orbit ",,235 RE sunward of the Earth. A property of impulsive SEP events, of which this event from 29 September 1998 is typical, is that the histories are very similar when expressed in units of the distance traveled (vt) at the particle velocity (v).…”