Jinmaitong ameliorates diabetic peripheral neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by modulating gut microbiota and neuregulin 1

Abstract

Jinmaitong (JMT), a compound prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, has long been used as a therapy for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). However, the neuroprotective mechanisms of JMT and its effect on gut microbiota remained unknown. Here, we examined the effects of JMT on behavior, pathomorphology and gut microbiota in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DPN rats. Compared to distilled water administration, JMT reversed decreases in mechanical withdraw threshold and intraepidermal nerve fiber density, improved neurological morphology of sciatic nerves, increased serum neuregulin 1 (NRG1) level and contactin-associated protein (Caspr)-positive paranodes, and decreased amyloid precursor protein (APP) accumulation in DPN rats. More importantly, JMT enriched nine species of the gut microbiota of DPN rats, helping to prevent dysbiosis. Among these species, p_Actinobacteria, p_Proteobacteria and c_ Actinobacteria were negatively correlated with DPN phenotypes and positively correlated with serum NRG1 level. These results indicate that JMT may exert a neuroprotective effect by modulating phenotype-associated gut microbiota and increasing serum NRG1 level in STZ-induced DPN rats. JMT may therefore be an effective complementary and alternative anti-DPN therapy.

[Retracted] Lidocaine Ameliorates Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats through Modulating the c‐Jun Signaling Pathway

“…The DM animal model induced with SZT is usually used for DPN study at home and abroad [ 25 , 26 ]. It has been generally agreed that the blood glucose value is greater than 16.65 mmol/L as a model for DM rats [ 27 ]. Electrophysiological examination is a sensitive index for early diagnosis of DPN.…”

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid protects Schwann cells from high glucose–induced cytotoxicity by targeting NLRP3 to regulate cell migration and pyroptosis

“…This finding indicated that gut microbiota imbalance also existed in DPN, which was consistent with the previous studies. 20,21 Parabacteroides species can transform bile acids and enhance secondary bile acid content, such as TUDCA. 11 Wang et al proved that TUDCA content was positively correlated with Parabacteroides in DPN patients.…”

Gut Microbiota: An Important Player in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Significantly, plasma TMAO levels in DR individuals were significantly higher than those in non-retinopathy T2DM individuals, and its levels were positively correlated with the incidence of DR, indicating that TMAO might be involved in the development of DR ( Liu W. et al, 2021 ). Xie et al discovered that STZ-induced DPN rats showed gut microbiota dysbiosis, which was characterized by enrichment of Klebsiella , Coprococcus , Prevotella and other bacterial taxa ( Xie et al, 2020a ). Importantly, The TCM compound Jinmaitong improved the phenotype of peripheral neuropathy by regulating the gut microbiota composition and increasing the levels of neuregulin 1 (NRG1) in DPN rats.…”