Jewish Households, Arab Households, and Income Inequality in Rural Israel: Ramifications for the Israeli–arab Conflict

Abstract

This paper quantifies the roles of ethnicity, gender and location in rural income inequality in Israel. Between 10 and 16% of rural income inequality is explained by the Jewish-Arab divide. Schooling and household size, which are respectively much lower and higher among the rural Arab population, also explain significant fractions of income inequality. Location and gender of the household head explain much smaller fractions. Education-enhancing policies directed at the lower end of the schooling distribution, and at Arab municipalities in particular, are recommended to reduce per capita income inequality in rural Israel and narrow the Jewish-Arab gap. This could contribute to reducing the tension between the Jewish majority and the Arab minority in Israel, and to creating a better atmosphere for their neighborly coexistence.

Effects of Income Sources on Inequality among Agricultural Households in Northeast India

“…In contrast, a decreasing or equalising impact may occur if inequality favours the poor. The robustness of the marginal effect was tested using bootstrapping techniques (Kimhi et al, 2014;Choudhary and Singh, 2019).…”