Jet-fixation: A novel method to improve microscopy of human liver needle biopsies

Abstract

example, hepatocellular carcinoma). In this regard, we did not exclude patients with high MELD (range in our study 5 to 28) nor did we omit patients with renal insufficiency. This allowed a clear and unbiased evaluation of feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the intervention in a broad range of a homogenous group of patients. Based on this uncensored approach, we were able to perform uni-and multivariate analysis in a large enough population and make an estimate of the ideal cutoff point of the MELD score, which was retained as one of the predictive factors of recurrence of encephalopathy.Third, our series also comprised sufficient follow-up to appreciate the long-term effect of intervention (overall follow-up in our series postembolization: 697 6 157 days).Overall, we appreciate that Singh et al. have substantiated our findings, namely, that embolization of large spontaneous portosystemic shunts for a refractory condition is feasible, safe, and effective. On the other hand, one should keep in mind that embolization of large spontaneous portosystemic shunts for a refractory condition should be reserved for a group of well-selected patients with sufficient critical functional liver mass (indirectly reflected by a MELD score 11) and should be done by a team with substantial experience to perform and manage these kinds of procedures.

Liver natural killer cells: subsets and roles in liver immunity

“…In recent years, the author (E. W.) had the opportunity to investigate more than 200 wedge and needle biopsies of human livers using fixation methods adapted to obtain perfusion fixation quality tissue. 52 , 53 After observing these specimens, the author concluded that no cells with rat pit cell morphology are present in the human liver. Very occasionally, a cell with a few granules could be found, but an EM comparison of rat and human livers led to the conclusion that human liver does not harbor a morphological equivalent of the rat pit cell.…”

3-D EM exploration of the hepatic microarchitecture – lessons learned from large-volume in situ serial sectioning

“…Samples were fixed using a modified set-up of the “jet-fixation” method described by {Vreuls et al 53. #2@@author-year}.…”

Combined Multidimensional Microscopy as a Histopathology Imaging Tool

“…All procedures were conducted in accordance with the guidelines and approval of the Animal Care and Ethics Committee of the University of Sydney. A strip of liver tissue measuring ∼1 × 1 × 15 mm 3 was fixed by means of “jet‐fixation” as described by Vreuls et al () in a solution containing 1.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.067 M sodium cacodylate buffer, 1% sucrose and 2 mM calcium chloride pH 7.4 at 37°C. Following jet‐fixation, the tissue was cut into ∼1 mm 3 blocks and allowed to react in the primary fixative for 1 h at room temperature.…”