Jerusalem Artichoke: Quality Response to Potassium Fertilization and Irrigation in Poland

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of soil potassium fertilization (150, 250 and 350 kg K2O ha−1) and irrigation on the tuber quality (content of ά-tocopherol, β-carotene, essential and endogenous amino acids) of three Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) cultivars (Topstar, Violette de Rennes, Waldspindel). Jerusalem artichokes were grown during a field experiment in the Agricultural Experiment Station in Tomaszkowo (53°42′ N, 20°26′ E, north-eastern Poland). The content of ά-tocopherol and β-carotene was determined at 1.60–2.65 and 0.75–1.00 mg kg−1 DM, respectively, in all Jerusalem artichoke cultivars produced in north-eastern Poland. High rates of potassium fertilizer (250 and 350 kg K ha−1) increased the content of ά-tocopherol in tubers by 47% and 66% on average, respectively. The stimulatory effects of high potassium rates on the content of ά-tocopherol (2.5-fold increase) were observed only in response to irrigation. High rates of potassium fertilizer induced a particularly high increase (3.2-fold) in ά-tocopherol concentrations in Jerusalem artichokes cv. Waldspindel. Irrigation increased ά-tocopherol levels (by 40%) and decreased the concentrations of β-carotene (by 25%) and most essential and endogenous amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, valine, alanine, glycine, histidine, serine, threonine). The Topstar cultivar accumulated the highest quantities of essential and endogenous amino acids. Leucine, methionine + cysteine were the limiting amino acids in Jerusalem artichoke tubers. The analyzed tubers were characterized by very high nutritional quality of dietary protein (Essential Amino-Acid Index, 66–78).

Unravelling the Helianthus tuberosus L. (Jerusalem Artichoke, Kiku-Imo) Tuber Proteome by Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics

“…In addition to its ability to thrive, the plant is also well known for its significance in feedstock, functional food, biomass, biomedical, and chemical industries [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. A variety of phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, coumarins, unsaturated fatty acids, polyacetylene derivatives, sesquiterpenes, protein, amino acid, reducing sugars, organic acids, lactones, cardiac glycoside, terpenoids, amino acids such as linoleic, α-linoleic acid, and inulin are produced in various parts (stems, leaves, flowers, and tubers) of the plant [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The plant species grown in Japan has been presented as a reference to understand its various growth stages from sprouting to tuber formation and harvesting ( Figure 1 ).…”

Evaluation of Marginal Land Potential and Analysis of Environmental Variables of Jerusalem Artichoke in Shaanxi Province, China

“…On the other hand, energy plant growth necessitates substantial land resources (Xue et al, 2020), putting land for energy plants in direct or indirect competition with land for food crops (Leppäkoski et al, 2021;Jhariya et al, 2021a). One feasible approach is growing energy plants on marginal lands (Jiang et al, 2018;Mehmood et al, 2019), which not only helps to alleviate the energy crisis (Liu et al, 2015) but also reduces soil erosion and improves marginal soil quality without interfering with food production (Bogucka and Jankowski, 2020;Qaseem and Wu, 2020). Besides, the marginal land resources have huge development potential in China.…”

“…FAO experts have dubbed Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) a "21st-century human livestock crop" because of its high tolerance to environmental challenges such as soil salinity, drought, and plant diseases (Long et al, 2016;Krivorotova and Sereikaite, 2018), making it ideal for marginal lands. Moreover, with rapid growth and low production cost (such as fewer pesticides input, fertilizers, and water) (Bogucka et al, 2021), as well as high biomass (Bogucka and Jankowski, 2020), Jerusalem artichoke is regarded as one of the most promising bioenergy raw material sources (Epie et al, 2018).…”

The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield and Macronutrient Concentrations in Three Cultivars of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

“…The chemical composition of JA tubers is determined by the cultivar, growing conditions, and harvest date [21][22][23]. Jerusalem artichoke is regarded as one of the major sources of inulin in vascular plants [24].…”