Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) as a potential chlorophyll source for humans and animals nutrition

Kaszás, László; Kovács, Zoltán; Nagy, Éva; Elhawat, Nevien; Abdalla, Neama; Domokos-Szabolcsy, Éva

doi:10.21608/jenvbs.2018.2942.1022

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Chlorophyll pigments are essential to prevent chronic diseases [ 47 ]. In the present study, pheophorbide a, chlorophylls a, and b were found as chlorophylls pigments in the carrot samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional, Phytochemical Characteristics and In Vitro Effect on α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Lipase, and Cholinesterase Activities of 12 Coloured Carrot Varieties

Yusuf

Wojdyło

Oszmiański

et al. 2021

Foods

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Twelve carrot varieties with different colours (purple, orange, yellow, and white) and sizes (normal, mini, and micro) were analysed for prospective health benefits (activities against diabetes-, obesity-, and aging- related enzymes—α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, acetylocholinesterase, and butyrylocholinesterase, respectively) and nutritional contents (polyphenols, carotenoids, and chlorophylls). The conducted studies showed that the highest content of total polyphenols was observed in different sizes of purple carrots. The normal yellow and mini orange carrots demonstrated the highest content of carotenoids. According to the study results, the mini purple carrot showed the highest activities against diabetes-related enzyme (α-glucosidase); furthermore, the highest activities of cholinesterase inhibitors were observed for micro purple carrot. Nevertheless, normal orange carrot exhibited the highest activity against lipase. The results of the present study showed that purple-coloured carrot samples of different sizes (normal, mini, and micro) exhibited attractive nutritional contents. However, their pro-health effects (anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-aging) should not be seen in the inhibition of amylase, glucosidase, lipase, and cholinesterase. Probably the mechanisms of their action are more complex, and the possible health-promoting effect results from the synergy of many compounds, including fibre, phytochemicals, vitamins, and minerals. Therefore, it would be worth continuing research on different varieties of carrots.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional, Phytochemical Characteristics and In Vitro Effect on α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Lipase, and Cholinesterase Activities of 12 Coloured Carrot Varieties

Yusuf

Wojdyło

Oszmiański

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…According to Yun et al [38], thermal treatment induces the formation of dihydroactinidiolide from β-carotene. Kaszás et al [8] confirmed that the green juice of the JAPC contains a marked number of carotenoids, which may be able partially to convert to loliolide or dihydroactinidiolide, causing the number of detectable terpenes to increase. Studies have confirmed that loliolide inhibits growth and germination, while also being phytotoxic, repelling leaf-cutter ants and having antitumor and antimicrobial activities in animals and microorganisms [37,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Cultivation of JA has many advantages as it is tolerant to biotic stress, i.e., pests and diseases [ 6 ]. It can grow normally in a wide range of soils including salt-affected soil, sandy soil, and marginal lands with nearly zero levels of fertilization [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Moreover, it showed potential resistance to drought, frost, and high temperatures [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite green leafy shoot of JA can be utilized directly as fresh forage, silage, or food pellets for animal feeding [ 9 , 12 ], most of the animal species do not prefer it because of trichome-rich leaves and stems [ 8 ]. Considering its high green biomass, regeneration capacity, and chemical composition, leafy shoots of JA can be alternatively used in the green biorefinery practice; however, there is a shortage of knowledge in this area [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Leaf Protein Concentrate of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

Kaszás

Alshaal

El-Ramady

et al. 2020

Plants

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Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is widely known to have inulin-rich tubers. However, its fresh aerial biomass produces significant levels of leaf protein and economic bioactive phytochemicals. We have characterized leaf protein concentrate (JAPC) isolated from green biomass of three Jerusalem artichoke clones, Alba, Fuseau, and Kalevala, and its nutritional value for the human diet or animal feeding. The JAPC yield varied from 28.6 to 31.2 g DM kg−1 green biomass with an average total protein content of 33.3% on a dry mass basis. The qualitative analysis of the phytochemical composition of JAPC was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-Orbitrap/mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-ESI-ORBITRAP-MS/MS). Fifty-three phytochemicals were successfully identified in JAPC. In addition to the phenolic acids (especially mono- and di-hydroxycinnamic acid esters of quinic acids) several medically important hydroxylated methoxyflavones, i.e., dimethoxy-tetrahydroxyflavone, dihydroxy-methoxyflavone, hymenoxin, and nevadensin, were detected in the JAPC for the first time. Liquiritigenin, an estrogenic-like flavanone, was measured in the JAPC as well as butein and kukulkanin B, as chalcones. The results also showed high contents of the essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; 66-68%) in JAPC. Linolenic acid represented 39–43% of the total lipid content; moreover, the ratio between ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids in the JAPC was ~0.6:1. Comparing the JA clones, no major differences in phytochemicals, fatty acid, or amino acid compositions were observed. This paper confirms the economic and nutritional value of JAPC as it is not only an alternative plant protein source but also as a good source of biological valuable phytochemicals.

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“…There is a growing body of literature about Jerusalem artichoke (JA; Helianthus tuberosus L.) based on economic, ecological, agricultural, and industrial aspects [14][15][16][17][18]. According to Rossini et al [19], the tubers of JA are valuable feedstock to produce different bio-based products (i.e., ethanol, biodiesel, 2, 3-butanediol, lactic acid, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refining high-quality leaf protein and valuable co-products from green biomass of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) for sustainable protein supply

Kaszás

Alshaal

Kovács

et al. 2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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The present study evaluates the green biomass of Jerusalem artichoke (JA) as an alternative green protein. A leaf protein concentrate (LPC) was prepared from leafy shoots using biotechnological methods. Seven clones were compared to assess the importance of the genetic basis of JA, and alfalfa served as the control. The LPC content of JA was an average 39 g kg −1 of fresh biomass, while that of alfalfa was 32 g kg −1. The JA can produce up to 936 kg of protein ha −1 year −1 without fertilization under rainfed conditions. The crude protein content of the LPC varied from 24.2 to 31.4 m/m%, depending on clones and harvesting time, which was comparable to that of alfalfa LPC (~32.3%). The amino acid profile of the LPC of JA, particularly of the essential amino acids, was similar to alfalfa and soybean. In addition, our results confirmed that the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content varied between 64 and 68% in the LPC fraction, regardless of the clone that was used, with linoleic acid and linolenic acid being the predominant PUFAs. In addition, unlike alfalfa, the content of arachidonic acid was 0.5% in the JA LPC. The tuber yield was significantly reduced because of the repeated harvesting of the shoot parts; however, the tubers obtained were sufficient to regenerate the plantation in the subsequent year, thus ensuring the renewable ability and sustainability of the green biomass of JA.

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Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) as a potential chlorophyll source for humans and animals nutrition

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Nutritional, Phytochemical Characteristics and In Vitro Effect on α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Lipase, and Cholinesterase Activities of 12 Coloured Carrot Varieties

Nutritional, Phytochemical Characteristics and In Vitro Effect on α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, Lipase, and Cholinesterase Activities of 12 Coloured Carrot Varieties

Identification of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Leaf Protein Concentrate of Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)

Refining high-quality leaf protein and valuable co-products from green biomass of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) for sustainable protein supply

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