Jerk in Earthquake Engineering: State-of-the-Art

Abstract

The time derivative of acceleration, termed jerk, represents a physical property reflected through a sudden change of acceleration, and is expressed in m/s3. Since jerk is felt by humans, it has been widely used as a common (dis)comfort parameter. In earthquake engineering, due to the inevitable need for further progress in understanding ground motions and soil, structural and non-structural responses, new frontiers need to be examined. Therefore, lately, there has been an increasing interest in jerk, and various research efforts have been made towards its applications. Since a proper overview of the jerk-related literature applicable to earthquake engineering is missing, the main purpose of this paper is to fill the gap and provide a starting point for future studies.

Impulsive Actions Due to Seismic Jerk and Design of Reinforcements to Counteract Their Effects in Masonry Buildings

“…International studies conducted on jerk [2,3,7,8] show that vibrational wave propagation is directly related to stress concentrations and local damages. In this work, particular attention is given to existing masonry buildings where internal connections are often not totally effective: it is, therefore, necessary to investigate on the relation between impulsive actions and local damages, such as masonry disaggregation and connections failure.…”

“…The jerk actions relevant to the local mass M are defined by the relations linking impulsive force per unit mass to PGA, expressed, as already illustrated in the previous sections, by: 𝐹𝐹 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖,𝑖𝑖𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚,𝐻𝐻 = 1.616 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝐴𝐴 𝐻𝐻 (7) 𝐹𝐹 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖,𝑖𝑖𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚,𝑉𝑉 = 1.545 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝐴𝐴 𝑉𝑉 (8) Based on typical dynamic characteristics of masonry buildings, the horizontal mean period of jerk is not very close to the horizontal natural periods of the building, while this is not the case for the vertical direction. This suggests that resonance phenomena may occur in the vertical direction.…”

Sustainable Earthquake Resilience with the Versatile Shape Memory Alloy (SMA)-Based Superelasticity-Assisted Slider

“…The seismic performances are summarized in Figure 7b,c by reporting the profiles of maximum story accelerations and displacements on average over the seven ground motion records (GM1 to GM7). Figure 7c also breaks the average responses down to the share of GM4, which-because of better representing the average responses [123][124][125]-was selected for the shaking table experiments. The input excitations produced for the experiments, i.e., the displacement histories of the third story in all fixed-base and base-isolated forms of the hospital building subjected to GM4 are shown in Figure 7d.…”

Bifurcation analysis with chaotic attractor for a special case of jerk system

“…Additionally, it finds notable applications in transportation and mechanical systems [8]. Notably, jerk is particularly relevant in earthquake engineering, with approximately 70 sources addressing this topic [9]. However, this study specifically focuses on the mathematical analysis of a particular case within the jerk system and interpreting the results necessitates specialized engineering expertise.…”