Jejunoileal atresia and stenosis

Louw, J.H.

doi:10.1016/0022-3468(66)90004-2

Cited by 120 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…due to intussusception, volvulus and herniation [1][2][3]13]. Barnard and Louw's classic experiments demonstrated that the in utero ligation of mesenteric vessels or loops of bowel in 45-55-day gestation dog pups resulted in intestinal atresia at term [13][14][15][16]. However, this does not establish the aetiology for gastrointestinal atresia that present without evidence of intrauterine vascular accidents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Adriamycin produces a reproducible teratogenic model of gastrointestinal atresia in the mouse

et al. 2008

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Gastrointestinal atresia is a major cause of bowel obstruction in the newborn. Experimental models and clinical observations have demonstrated the heterogeneous nature of its pathogenesis. A proportion is due to late intra-uterine vascular insults and some are genetic in nature. Epidemiological studies have found gastrointestinal atresia to occur with other birth defects, in particular VACTERL anomalies, suggesting that a subset of cases may result from an early disturbance to intestinal morphogenesis. Adriamycin is teratogenic in rats, producing gastrointestinal atresia and VACTERL anomalies. The mouse is the foremost mammal studied by developmental biologists, offering an expanding wealth of knowledge and scientific research techniques. The aim of this study was to create an Adriamycin mouse model for investigating the development of gastrointestinal atresia. CBA/Ca mice were accurately time-mated (n = 30). Four different doses of Adriamycin (0-saline control, 4, 5 and 6 mg/kg) at three different timings of injections were compared (12 groups). Dams received two intraperitoneal injections, 24 h apart, commencing on day 7, 7.5 or 8. Foetuses were harvested on day 18. Gastrointestinal atresia and VACTERL anomalies were examined using a dissecting microscope. Adriamycin produced type IIIa gastrointestinal atresia in six treatment groups. The effect of Adriamycin depended on the timing and dose of the injections. VACTERL anomalies were only found in four treatment groups, proposing overlapping critical embryological windows for these malformations. Gastrointestinal atresia can be induced by the teratogen Adriamycin, occurring with and without VACTERL anomalies. This produces a reproducible mouse model in which the molecular pathogenesis of gastrointestinal atresia may be studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Adriamycin produces a reproducible teratogenic model of gastrointestinal atresia in the mouse

et al. 2008

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“…It has been accurately reproduced by ligation of mesenteric vessels in-utero in canine studies and analysis of the post-atretic intestinal content demonstrates bile salts, epithelial cells and ingested lanugo hair in humans [6].…”

Section: Jejuno-ileal Atresiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CA is classified according to the same system as other bowel atresias as described by Louw [6] and is likely to share a common vascular aetiology. The estimated incidence varies between 1 in 10,000 and 1 in 66,000.…”

Section: Colonic Atresiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Malrotation and intestinal atresias

Adams

Stanton

2014

Early Human Development

142

124

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“…Louw [14], in a review of 79 cases of intestinal atresia, indicated the anatomically and functionally altered proximal bulbous end of the bowel as a principal factor responsible for surgical failure. Furthermore, Nixon [3] indicated, in an experimental model in rabbits, that the anatomical enlargement of the proximal bowel during the fetal period results in a bowel failing to contract physio-logically at lower pressures after surgical relief of obstruction at neonatal intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mortality after neonatal treatment has been reduced, due to improved surgical management, but the procedure still bears a high number of complications (i.e., intestinal obstruction and shortbowel syndrome), severely impairing the quality of life [12,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Animal Model of Intestinal Obstruction to Simulate in utero Therapy for Jejunoileal Atresia

Patricolo

Noia

Rossi³

et al. 1998

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Objective: To obtain ‘intestinal atresia-like’ conditions in the fetal lamb model to subsequently allow in utero surgical repair. Methods: Six time-dated pregnant sheep underwent general anesthesia at 75 days of gestation (term 145 ± 5 days). After maternal laparotomy and hysterotomy, the fetal abdomen was opened. Once the jejunoileal intestinal loop was identified, the mesenteric vessels were isolated, ligated, and sectioned in 2 fetuses, and in the remaining 5 fetuses the bowel loop was ligated. Two further fetuses were used as controls and underwent sole laparotomy. Of the group of 7 fetuses 2 were reoperated at 100–105 days of gestational age and underwent intestinal recanalization. Eight fetuses were delivered at term by cesarean section and the remaining 1 by spontaneous delivery. One newborn underwent neonatal entero-enteric anastomosis. Results: 4 out of 6 fetuses survived, in utero intestinal or vascular ligation having provoked an ‘intestinal atresia-like’ picture. The animal operated at birth died. The 2 control fetuses and the 2 fetuses with in utero intestinal recanalization survived until term. Conclusion: The present study shows that in utero treatment of intestinal obstruction is possible in an experimental model.

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Jejunoileal atresia and stenosis

Cited by 120 publications

References 16 publications

Adriamycin produces a reproducible teratogenic model of gastrointestinal atresia in the mouse

Adriamycin produces a reproducible teratogenic model of gastrointestinal atresia in the mouse

Malrotation and intestinal atresias

An Experimental Animal Model of Intestinal Obstruction to Simulate in utero Therapy for Jejunoileal Atresia

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