Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a medical emergency often associated with identifiable causes and risk factors. This condition can, however, be enigmatic, as is the case with congenital peritoneal bands (CPBs). CPBs are intra-abdominal adhesions that form independently of any prior abdominal surgical procedures. The pathophysiology of CPBs is linked to abnormal adhesions of peritoneal folds during fetal development. SBO occurrence without prior abdominal surgery, trauma, or clinical hernia is rare and CPBs are an exceedingly rare etiology for SBO in adults, with most cases younger age.We report a case of a 29-year-old male presented with 10 days of severe abdominal pain and vomiting, with no history of abdominal surgery or trauma. Physical examination revealed abdominal distention, tenderness, and diffuse rebound. Abdominal ultrasound revealed distention of the intestinal loops. Surgical exploration unveiled a Congenital band constricting a jejunal loop. The band was subsequently removed, and the patient made a full recovery.This case highlights the significance of maintaining clinical suspicion for CPBs in adults presenting with SBO. Early surgical intervention, offering both diagnosis and treatment, is essential for managing this rare cause of SBO. Increased clinical awareness of CPBs will help ensure they are considered in the differential diagnosis of adult patients with bowel obstruction.