Jejunal glucose uptake and oxygen consumption in turkey poults selected for rapid growth

Abstract

Two lines of turkey poults, one selected for rapid growth at 16 wk of age (F line) and the other a randombred control line (RBC2) were used to investigate the effect of selection for rapid growth on jejunal O2 consumption and glucose transport as well as whole-body O2 consumption. All trials used unsexed poults and were designed as a randomized complete block with day and line as independent variables. In Trial 1, 120 turkey poults, fed a standard starter ration (25.5% CP), were used to examine the effect of selection on feed intake, body weight gain, and efficiency from hatching (Day 0) to 13 d of age. At Day 14, 36 of 60 birds from each line were killed to measure intestinal length and weight and jejunal O2 consumption after 18 h of feed deprivation. Compared with the RBC2 line, the F line had relatively shorter but heavier small intestinal segments when adjusted by 18 h feed-deprived body weight (FBW; P < 0.001). The F line consumed more O2 over the entire jejunum adjusted to FBW than RBC2 line (43.8 vs 34.6 nmol O2/min.g FBW; P < 0.001). Jejunal ouabain- and cycloheximide-sensitive O2 consumption were greater (P < 0.05) in the F line. In Trial 2, 16 14-d-old poults from each line were used to measure in vitro jejunal glucose transport rate. There was no difference in glucose transport of the jejunum (nanomoles per minute per gram of FBW) between the lines. In Trial 3, 20 poults from each line were used to measure whole-body O2 consumption at 7 to 10 d of age. The F and RBC2 lines had similar whole-body O2 consumption rate per gram of FBW. These data suggest that selection of turkeys for rapid growth at 16 wk of age did not increase efficiency of jejunal glucose uptake in 14-d-old turkey poults.

Bacteriophage cocktail and multi-strain probiotics in the feed for weanling pigs: effects on intestine morphology and targeted intestinal coliforms and Clostridium

“…The changes in small intestinal morphology and in particular the villus height and crypt depth of duodenum, jejunum and ileum are indicative of gut health and digestive capacity of pigs. Increased villus height is directly correlated with an increased epithelial turnover (Fan et al, 1997), and longer villi correlate with the activation of cell mitosis (Samanya and Yamauchi, 2002). In the present study, dietary supplementation with bacteriophages and probiotics (P = 0.053) reported increased villus height of duodenum.…”

Growth performance, intestinal morphology, and meat quality in relation to alpha-lipoic acid associated with vitamin C and E in broiler chickens under tropical conditions

“…In this regard, poor nutrient absorption may occur due to the decrease in villus height and increase in crypt depth. Similarly, Fan et al (1997) reported that the villus height:crypt depth ratio was closely associated with increased epithelial cell turnover. Also, Samanya and Yamauchi (2002) observed that longer villi were correlated with activated cell mitosis in chickens.…”

Butyric Acid as an Antibiotic Substitute for Broiler Chicken A Review

“…Further, an increase in the villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio are directly correlated with increased epithelial cell turnover (Fan et al, 1997) and an indicator of activated intestinal villi function (Langhout et al, 1999;Shamoto and Yamauchi, 2000) and it also stimulates intestinal blood flow. In addition, butyrate of stimulates cell growth and differentiation of normal cells and apoptosis (early cell death) of tumour cells which represents'butyrate paradox' (Canani et al, 2011).Previous studies showed increased jejunum villi height (Adil et al, 2010;Jerzsele et al, 2012;Chamba et al, 2014), villi height to crypt depth ratio (Hu and Guo, 2007;Shahir et al, 2013) and comparable crypt depth (Hu and Guo, 2007;Adil et al, 2010;Smulikowska et al, 2009;Chamba et al, 2014;Sayrafi et al, 2011;Antongiovanni et al, 2007) by supplementation of different forms of butyric acid.…”