Jaynes-Cummings models with trapped electrons on liquid helium

Zhang, Miao; Jia, HY; Wei, L. F.

doi:10.1103/physreva.80.055801

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Due to the image potential and the barrier at liquid helium surface, electronic motion along the perpendicular direction of liquid helium surface can be treated as a 1D hydrogen atom. Its energy level is well known as [27,28]…”

Section: The Hamiltonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Current Induced by Microwave Stark Effect of Electrons on Liquid Helium

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Wei³

2022

Preprint

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We propose a frequency-mixed effect of Terahertz (THz) and Gigahertz (GHz) electromagnetic waves in the cryogenic system of electrons floating on liquid helium surface. The THz wave is near-resonant with the transition frequency between the lowest two levels of surface state electrons. The GHz wave does not excite the transitions but generates a GHz-varying Stark effect with the symmetry-breaking eigenstates of electrons on liquid helium. We show an effective coupling between the inputting THz and GHz waves, which appears at the critical point that the detuning between electrons and THz wave is equal to the frequency of GHz wave. By this coupling, the THz and GHz waves cooperatively excite electrons and generate the low-frequency ac currents along the perpendicular direction of liquid helium surface to be experimentally detected by the image-charge approach [Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 086801 (2019)]. This offers an alternative approach for THz detections. IntroductionElectrons floating on liquid helium surface have been considered as an alternative physical system to implement quantum computation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Sommer first noticed that there is a barrier at the surface of liquid helium that prevents electrons from entering its interior [12]. Therefore, in addition to the attractive force of image charge in liquid helium, the surface electron forms a one-dimensional (1D) hydrogen atom above liquid helium surface [13][14][15]. The two lowest levels of the 1D hydrogen atoms have been proposed to encode the qubits, which have good scalability due to the strong Coulomb interactions between electrons [1]. However, the single electron detection is still very difficult in experiments. Recently, E. Kawakami et.al. have used the image-charge approach to experimentally detect the Rydberg states of surface electrons on liquid helium [16]. Compared with the conventional microwave absorption method, this method may be more effective to detect the quantum state of surface electrons [17,18].The transition frequency between the lowest two levels of surface electrons is in the regime of Terahertz (THz) and therefore has perhaps applications in the fields of THz detection and generation. The THz spectrum is between the usual microwave and infrared regions, and has many practical applications [19], such as THz wireless communication [20], astronomical observation [21], Earth's atmosphere monitoring [22], and the food safety [23]. Specially, in biological and medical fields [24,25], THz imaging have smaller damages in body than X-ray, but higher resolution than mechanical supersonic waves.In this paper, we show a frequency-mixed effect of the THz and the Gigahertz (GHz) electromagnetic waves in the system of electrons floating on liquid helium. This effect could be applied to detect THz radiation. In our mixer, the inputting THz wave near-resonantly excites the transition between the lowest two levels of surface state electrons. The GHz wave does not excite the transitions but generates a GHz-varying Stark effect. T...

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Section: The Hamiltonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Current Induced by Microwave Stark Effect of Electrons on Liquid Helium

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Wei³

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The Now the laser beam is tuned to the first lower vibrational sideband ω l = ω 0 − ν. In the interaction picture, in the LD regime (η 1) and under the rotating-wave approximation, the Hamiltonian of the system can be reduced to [24,25] H I = iη Ω e iφ l σ † a + H.c.…”

Section: Model and Effective Hamiltonianmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of cluster states with trapped electrons on a liquid helium surface

Shi

Zhang

2011

Chinese Phys. B

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“…Remarkably, recent experiments [8][9][10] demonstrated the manipulations of electrons (confining, transporting, and detecting) on liquid Helium in the single-electron regime. This provides really the experimental platforms to realize the relevant QIP with electrons on liquid Helium [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin-orbit couplings between distant electrons trapped individually on liquid helium

Zhang

Wei

2012

Phys. Rev. B

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We propose an approach to entangle spins of electrons floating on the liquid Helium by coherently manipulating their spin-orbit interactions. The configuration consists of single electrons, confined individually on liquid Helium by the micro-electrodes, moving along the surface as the harmonic oscillators. It has been known that the spin of an electron could be coupled to its orbit (i.e., the vibrational motion) by properly applying a magnetic field. Based on this single electron spin-orbit coupling, here we show that a Jaynes-Cummings (JC) type interaction between the spin of an electron and the orbit of another electron at a distance could be realized via the strong Coulomb interaction between the electrons. Consequently, the proposed JC interaction could be utilized to realize a strong orbit-mediated spin-spin coupling and implement the desirable quantum information processing between the distant electrons trapped individually on liquid Helium.

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Jaynes-Cummings models with trapped electrons on liquid helium

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Electric Current Induced by Microwave Stark Effect of Electrons on Liquid Helium

Electric Current Induced by Microwave Stark Effect of Electrons on Liquid Helium

Preparation of cluster states with trapped electrons on a liquid helium surface

Spin-orbit couplings between distant electrons trapped individually on liquid helium

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