Jasmonic Acid Seed Treatment Stimulates Insecticide Detoxification in Brassica juncea L.

Abstract

The present study focused on assessing the effects of jasmonic acid (JA) seed treatment on the physiology of Brassica juncea seedlings grown under imidacloprid (IMI) toxicity. It has been observed that IMI application declined the chlorophyll content and growth of seedlings. However, JA seed treatment resulted in the significant recovery of chlorophyll content and seedling growth. Contents of oxidative stress markers like superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde were enhanced with IMI application, but JA seed treatment significantly reduced their contents. Antioxidative defense system was activated with IMI application which was further triggered after JA seed treatment. Activities of antioxidative enzymes and contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants were enhanced with the application of IMI as well as JA seed treatment. JA seed treatment also regulated the gene expression of various enzymes under IMI stress. These enzymes included respiratory burst oxidase (RBO), Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO), NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NADH), carboxylesterase (CXE), chlorophyllase (CHLASE), cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450). JA seed treatment up-regulated the expressions of RUBISCO, NADH, CXE, and P450 under IMI toxicity. However, expressions of RBO and CHLASE were down-regulated in seedlings germinated from JA seed treatment and grown in presence of IMI. Seed soaking with JA also resulted in a significant reduction of IMI residues in B. juncea seedlings. The present study concluded that seed soaking with JA could efficiently reduce the IMI toxicity by triggering the IMI detoxification system in intact plants.

Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress

“…Plants face a wide range of environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, heat, heavy metal, light, pesticide, and cold that hampers their physiological and cellular functioning [1,2,3,4]. Abiotic stresses are considered as the major threat to global agriculture systems [5].…”

Nitric oxide‐mediated regulation of oxidative stress in plants under metal stress: a review on molecular and biochemical aspects

“…From the available data, it is suggested that NO‐associated protection may increase from its direct involvement in limiting the occurrence of oxidative stress and/or from its upregulation of the antioxidant system (Xiong et al , Fancy et al ). Indeed, the exposure of plants to all types of stress often results in oxidative damage caused by an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which include both molecular and non‐molecular forms, such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), superoxide anions (O 2 ·− ) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which ultimately cause hindrance to vital processes like photosynthesis (Gill and Tuteja , Tomescu et al , Sharma et al , , Tang and Luo , Soares et al ). In order to counteract the negative effects of ROS, plants possess a powerful and efficient antioxidant system, composed of both enzymatic and non‐enzymatic players, which act synergistically to protect cells from oxidative imbalances (Sharma et al , , b, , Soares et al ).…”

Systematic hormone-metabolite network provides insights of high salinity tolerance inPongamia pinnata(L.) pierre

“…The exogenous application of MeJA on shoots of soybean showed increased accumulation of cell wall SFAs to maintain growth under drought stress (Mohamed Latif, 2017). Further, JA also showed strong interaction with organic acids and amino acids with the salinity treatment time suggesting that organic acids and amino acids may be involved in promoting salt-induced growth by regulating osmotic balance, ion homeostasis, carbon and nitrogen balance under salt stress (Sharma et al, 2018; Siddiqi Husen, 2019). The results suggest that the increased interaction between hormones and metabolites may be beneficial for Pongamia to survive under extreme salinity stress (Sahoo et al, 2014; Formentin et al, 2018).…”