Jasmonic acid and methyl dihydrojasmonate enhance saponin biosynthesis as well as expression of functional genes in adventitious roots of Panax notoginseng F.H. Chen

Abstract

Panax notoginseng, an important herbal medicine, has wide uses for its bioactive compounds and health function. In this work, we compared the content of saponin in cultivation and adventitious root. The total content of saponins in adventitious root (8.48 mg⋅g ) was found lower than in the native one (3-year-old) (34.34 mg⋅g ). To enhance the content of bioactive compounds, we applied elicitors jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl dihydrojasmonate (MDJ) to the adventitious root culture. It was observed that the highest total content of saponins (71.94 mg⋅g ) was achieved after treatment with 5 mg⋅L JA, which was 2.09-fold higher than native roots and 8.45-fold higher than the control group. The findings from high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis showed that six new compounds were present after the treatment with the elicitors. Furthermore, we found that JA and MDJ significantly upregulated the expression of the geranyl diphosphate synthase, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, squalene synthase, squalene epoxidase, dammarenediol synthase, and CYP716A47 and CYP716A53v2 (CYP450 enzyme) genes; downregulated the expression of the cycloartenol synthase gene; and increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities.

Molecular Cloning and Differential Gene Expression Analysis of 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose 5-Phosphate Synthase (DXS) in Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f) Nees

“…Such observation further highlighted the combo action of in vitro adventitious root cultures, and JA elicitation can contribute towards understanding the gene expression pattern and biosynthesis of andrographolide and other DLs. Previous studies on elicitation and identification of gene regulation pattern for secondary metabolite production give credence to the present findings [59][60][61][62].…”

Colonization of endophyte Acremonium sp. D212 in Panax notoginseng and rice mediated by auxin and jasmonic acid

“…The phytohormones JA (Li et al 2017) and auxin ( Figure 4F-J) are involved in the regulation of saponin biosynthesis. The concentrations of the phytohormones JA and IAA in P. notoginseng inoculated with D212 were further examined.…”

“…Saponins are the main medical components in P. notoginseng and have high clinical value, exhibiting antiinflammation, anti-oxidation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, regulation of blood glucose and blood pressure, inhibition of neuronal apoptosis, and neuronal protection (Xie et al 2018). The saponins are mainly biosynthesized in the roots of P. notoginseng and can be induced by JA (Li et al 2017) and auxin (Washida et al 2004). In addition, saponins with autotoxicity can cause replant failure of P. notoginseng (Yang et al 2015).…”

Quality evaluation of Panax ginseng adventitious roots based on ginsenoside constituents, functional genes, and ferric‐reducing antioxidant power

“…It has been reported that only Rb 3 was detected in the Aspergillus. niger treatment group (Li et al, ). HPLC‐ESI‐MS analysis and mass spectrometry spectra showed that the Panax japonicus var.…”