Japanese Guidelines for the Management of Respiratory Infectious Diseases in Children 2007 with focus on pneumonia

Abstract

Members of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Pulmonology and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases developed the Guidelines for the Management of Respiratory Infectious Diseases in Children with the objective of facilitating the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of childhood respiratory infections. To date, a first edition (2004) and a revised edition (2007) have been issued. Many problems complicate the diagnosis of the pathogens responsible for bronchopulmonary infections in children. The Guidelines were the first pediatric guidelines in the world to recommend treatment with antimicrobials suited to causative pathogens as identified from cultures of sputum and other clinical specimens collected from infection sites and satisfying assessment criteria. The major causative microorganisms for pneumonia in infants and children were revealed to be Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. This manuscript describes the Guidelines for the Management of Respiratory Infectious Diseases in Children in Japan 2007, with a focus on pneumonia.

Clinical Manifestations of Children with Microbiologically Confirmed Pertussis Infection and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolated Strains in a Regional Hospital in Japan, 2008^|^ndash;2012

“…LAMP is a nucleic acid amplification method that was developed in Japan as a simple, easy, and fast assay used to detect B. pertussis DNA (3,5). In our study, all 57 cases of microbiologically confirmed B. pertussis infections were LAMP-positive, while only 60z were culture-positive.…”

Critical appraisal of clinical practice guidelines in pediatric infectious diseases

“…After further screening, 20 guidelines meeting inclusion criteria were included for review and analysis [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Two guidelines were excluded because newer updates were available [33,34], and two were excluded based on their language of publication [35,36]. Guideline topics included meningitis [13,14], acute otitis media [15], upper respiratory tract infections [16][17][18][19], lower respiratory tract infections [20][21][22], gastroenteritis [23], intra-abdominal infections [24], urinary tract infections [25][26][27][28], septic shock [29], and pathogen-specific infections [30][31][32].…”

More Complications Occur in Macrolide-Resistant than in Macrolide-Sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia

“…All patients underwent chest X-ray examination upon admission, and if the patient had large pulmonary lesions evident in the chest radiograph, a second chest X-ray examination was performed about 7 days after admission. A large lesion was defined when the extent of infiltration on chest radiography was more than one-third of the lung (18). The severity of pneumonia was evaluated according to the diagnostic standard for pneumonia advocated by British Thoracic Society (19).…”