Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Mosquitoes Reared from Field-Collected Immatures and in Wild-Caught Males

Dhanda, V.; Mourya, D T; Mishra, Anurag; Ilkal, M. A.; Pant, Usha; Jacob, Paulina; Bhat, H. R.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1989.41.732

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…21 Recent long-term studies carried out in southern India showed that the minimum infection rates of this virus in mosquito progeny are directly correlated with the activity of virus in that area (Thenmozhi VCRC, unpublished data). More work is needed to evaluate the role of transovarial transmission during interepidemic periods and its association with cases of dengue in the subsequent mosquitogenic season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of dengue-3 virus through transovarial transmission passage in successive generations of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Joshi¹,

Mourya²,

Sharma³

2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

171

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Progeny of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected intrathoracically with dengue-3 virus was reared to subsequent generations. In each generation, blood-fed females were confined individually and the eggs obtained from the transovarially infected females were pooled. The seventh generation obtained from the infected parental mosquitoes showed that virus could persist in mosquitoes in successive generations through transovarial passage. The rate of vertical transmission initially increased in the few generations (F 1 -F 2 ), but in subsequent generations it was found to be steady. Parental mosquitoes inoculated with virus showed higher mortality than the diluent-inoculated controls. There was an increase in the larval duration of transovarially infected batches at the seventh generation when compared with uninfected control mosquitoes. The fecundity and fertility of the transovarially infected batches of mosquitoes was also affected when compared with the controls. This is the first report demonstrating persistence of dengue virus in the successive generations of mosquitoes infected through vertical transmission. These observations, which have great epidemiologic importance, suggest that vector mosquitoes may play an important role in the maintenance of virus in nature, and that mosquitoes may act as reservoirs of these viruses.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of dengue-3 virus through transovarial transmission passage in successive generations of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Joshi¹,

Mourya²,

Sharma³

2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

171

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Antigen capture enzyme immunoassays (AC-EIA) (Tsai et al 1987) are done quickly, because they lack the requirement for virus culture, but may sacriÞce sensitivity . Blind passage increases sensitivity (Dhanda et al 1989), but this extra step increases cost, delays reporting and increases the chances of contamination. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) is sensitive, does not require virus ampliÞcation, and has been recommended for routine arbovirus surveillance (Howe et al 1992, Armstrong et al 1994, Nawrocki et al 1996.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Encephalitis Viruses in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and Avian Tissues

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diagnostic assays for the detection of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) and western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) viruses in mosquito pools and avian tissues were compared for sensitivity, accuracy and specificity. The in situ enzyme immunoassay (EIA), plaque assay on Vero cells, passage in Aedes albopictus Skuse C6/36 and C7/10 cells, antigen capture enzyme immunoassay (AC-EIA), and single and multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) were evaluated using pools of 50 mosquitoes containing 1-2 experimentally infected individuals. RT-PCR was the most sensitive assay, with a detection limit of <0.1 plaque forming unit. AC-EIA was the fastest and most economical procedure, but was the least sensitive, detecting only 38% of positive pools. The in situ EIA included initial virus amplification on Vero cells, thereby improving assay sensitivity to detect 68% of positive pools. Passage in C6/36 and/or C7/10 cell culture revealed the presence of infectious virus in samples positive by RT-PCR, but initially negative by plaque assay on Vero cell culture, indicating that detection was related to assay sensitivity and not to the absence of intact infectious virus. Combining WEE and SLE RT-PCR assays into a multiplex assay reduced sensitivity, but stilldetected viral RNA at titers below plaque assay sensitivity. Plaque assay on Vero cells, mosquito cell passage, and several RT-PCR procedures were evaluated for their ability to detect WEE and SLE in white-crowned sparrow tissues during acute and chronic stages of infection. All assays detected virus during acute infection at times of high viremia; however, only RT-PCR assays were positive by day 7 when virus was not detected in sera. RT-PCR detected SLE RNA in spleen tissue from one bird 51 d after infection. Assay sensitivity also was compared using extracts of homogenized bird organs spiked with known titers of WEE and SLE. Trizol RNA extraction followed by Qiagen one-step RT-PCR was the most sensitive method, but occasionally resulted in the presence of secondary bands confounding interpretation and requiring confirmatory assays. A balanced surveillance program should combine systems that allow the detection of new agents and the sensitive monitoring of endemic agents to provide an early warning of pending health risks.

show abstract

“…There is Þeld evidence of this vertical transmission of JE virus in south India. Dhanda et al (1989) detected JE virus in wild-caught males of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, indicating the occurrence of vertical transmission in Culex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Japanese Encephalitis in Kerala, South India: CanMansonia(Diptera: Culicidae) Play a Supplemental Role in Transmission?

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 2-yr entomological study was carried out in Kerala, south India, to identify the mosquito vectors of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus and to determine their seasonal abundance and infection. In total, 150,454 mosquitoes belonging to five genera and 18 species were collected from vegetation surrounding cattle sheds and pigsties in villages at dusk. Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (66.7%) was the most abundant species, with increases in numbers associated with rice cultivation. JE virus isolations were made from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Mansonia indiana Edwards. Based on high abundance and frequent JE virus infection, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus seems to be the most important vector, whereas Ma. indiana is probably a secondary vector.

show abstract

Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Mosquitoes Reared from Field-Collected Immatures and in Wild-Caught Males

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Persistence of dengue-3 virus through transovarial transmission passage in successive generations of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Persistence of dengue-3 virus through transovarial transmission passage in successive generations of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Detection of Encephalitis Viruses in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and Avian Tissues

Japanese Encephalitis in Kerala, South India: CanMansonia(Diptera: Culicidae) Play a Supplemental Role in Transmission?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About