Japanese clinical practice guidelines for sacrococcygeal teratoma, 2017

Abstract

Background Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the most common extragonadal germ cell tumor in neonates and infants. Although most cases of infantile SCT are benign tumors by nature, some develop into extremely large lesions, leading to massive bleeding, high‐output heart failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and even fatal outcomes during the neonatal period. In addition, some patients may present with tumor recurrence, malignant transformation, long‐term sequelae (including bladder and bowel dysfunction) and lower leg palsy during the long‐term follow up. SCT, however, is very rare, and there are few opportunities to encounter this disease, therefore general physicians without expert credentials currently lack information relevant to clinical practice. For this reason, the research project committee has compiled guidelines concerning SCT. Methods The purpose of these guidelines was to share information concerning the treatment and follow up of infantile SCT. The guidelines were developed using the methodologies in the Medical Information Network Distribution System. A comprehensive search of the English‐ and Japanese‐language articles in PubMed and Ichu‐Shi Web identified only case reports or case series, and the recommendations were developed through a process of informal consensus. Results The clinical questions addressed the risk factors, the efficacy of cesarean section, the initial devascularization of tumor feeding vessels, interventional radiology, recommended clinical studies for follow up and possible long‐term complications. Conclusions These are the first guidelines for SCT to be established in Japan, and they may have huge clinical value and significance in terms of developing therapeutic strategies and follow up, potentially contributing to the improvement of the prognosis and quality of life of SCT patients.

Epidemiological characteristics of 1385 primary sacral tumors in one institution in China

“…The clinical characteristics of primary sacral benign tumors were distinct from the one of spinal benign tumors. Some rare histologic types should be considered when the differential diagnosis [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. It has been reported that hemangioma was the most frequent benign primary spine tumor in one hospital of China, which was different from the region of the sacrum and our database showed giant cell tumor was the most common histological type at the sacrum [1].…”

Clinical characteristics of 1385 sacral tumors and tumor-like lesions not including metastatic cancers in one institution in China

“…The clinical characteristics of primary sacral benign tumors were distinct from the one of spinal benign tumors. Some rare histologic types should be considered when the differential diagnosis [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. It has been reported that hemangioma was the most frequent benign primary spine tumor in one hospital of China, which was different from the region of sacrum and our database showed giant cell tumor was the most common histological type at the sacrum [1].…”

Multimodal treatment of children with sacrococcygeal yolk sac tumor: retrospective analysis of clinicopathology characteristics and relapse-free survival

“…More literatures were reported regarding sacrococcygeal teratomas than YSTs. The SYSTs presented a mass either protruding outward from the buttocks from the tip of the sacrum, or impalpable mass within the pelvic cavity compressing the bladder or rectum consistent with teratoma [8]. Unlike teratoma, YSTs secret AFP and serum half-life of AFP is 5 to 7 days.…”