Japanese Brome Response to Atrazine in Combination with Nitrogen Fertilizer in the Mixed Prairie

Hewlett, David B.; Johnson, Jon R.; Butterfield, R.; Mosley, V.K.

doi:10.2307/3898445

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Tiller weight, however, would have benefited more from the 333 mm rainfall that occurred in April, May, and June 1991 compared to 155 mm rainfall during the same period in 1992. The reduction in total forage standing crop following early season removal of Japanese brome seedlings is in agreement with findings of others where burning (Gartner et al 1978(Gartner et al , 1986) and herbicides (Hewlett et al 1981) were the methods of brome removal. After applying atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine], Hewlett et al (1981) speculated that reduction in total forage production may have resulted from the adverse effect of atrazine on perennials.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The reduction in total forage standing crop following early season removal of Japanese brome seedlings is in agreement with findings of others where burning (Gartner et al 1978(Gartner et al , 1986) and herbicides (Hewlett et al 1981) were the methods of brome removal. After applying atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine], Hewlett et al (1981) speculated that reduction in total forage production may have resulted from the adverse effect of atrazine on perennials. Herbicide, however, was not a factor interfering with production of perennial grasses in our study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of Japanese Brome on Western Wheatgrass Yield

Haferkamp¹,

Heitschmidt²,

Karl³

1997

Journal of Range Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb.) has invaded many northern mixed-prairie plant communities. Understanding interactions of population dynamics of this and associated species is critical for proper management of communities infested with this annual. Objectives of this study were to determine the effect of Japanese brome removal on aboveground forage production and daily plant water relations of western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii Rydb. (Love)] and Japanese brome in a western wheatgrass dominated northern mixed grass prairie community. During early spring of 1991, a wet year, and 1992, a dry year, 2 treatments, undisturbed and complete (total) removal of Japanese brome seedlings, were applied by hand at silty clay loam and clay field sites in circular, l-m* quadrats. Vegetation in additional quadrats was left undisturbed or Japanese brome was removed to assess plant water relations at each site in 1992. Total standing crop was reduced 500 kg ha-' with removal of Japanese brome, while standing crop of western wheatgrass was increased 220 kg ha-* with Japanese brome removal. Increased standing crop of western wheatgrass appeared to result from increased tiller density of 153 tillers mm2 rather than increased weight per tiller. Western wheatgrass water relations were essentially unaffected by Japanese brome removal in 1992. Removal of Japanese brome from Northern Great Plains plant communities may increase production of associated perennial grasses, but managers should also expect a short-term decrease in total standing crop.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Influence of Japanese Brome on Western Wheatgrass Yield

Haferkamp¹,

Heitschmidt²,

Karl³

1997

Journal of Range Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies on the Great Plains (Morrow et al 1977, Peterson et al 1983 reported effective coolseason annual grass control at similar rates of atrazine with some carry-over effect into the following year. However, Hewlett et al (1981) found no atrazine effect after the treatment year on mixedgrass prairie. Atrazine reduced forb production only when nitrogen had been applied in Study I (Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Atrazine, Spring Burning, and Nitrogen for Improvement of Tallgrass Prairie

Gillen¹,

Rollins²,

Stritzke³

1987

Journal of Range Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spring application of atra&c [2-chloro-4-(ethylan&io)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] (1.1 kg w* a.i.), burning, and nitrogen (33 kg ha" as ammonium nitrate) were evaluated alone and in all combinations for improvement of mid-seral tailgrass prairie in northcentral Oklahoma. Studies were initiated in 1984 (Study I) and 1985 (Study II). Precipitation and successional status of the vegetation at treatment application were higher for Study II than for Study I. Atrazine effectively reduced forbs and annual grasses for 2 years after appIIcatlon. Atrazine stimulated warm-season perennial grasses but did not generally increase total herbage production. Burning was similar to l trazine for annual grass control in both studies. Burning was also similar to atrazine for forb control in Study I but had no impact on forb production in Study II. Burning increased perennial grass production only in the second year of Study I. Burning decreased total herbage pro&&on in the flmt year of Study I by reducing annual grasses and forbs but did not affect total.perbage production on other dates. Nitrogen did not consistently increase perennial grass production but did increase forb production by 258-388% when applied alone. Both atrazine and burning rapidly shifted spa&s composition in favor of desirable perennial grasses. Nitrogen was not as effective ln changing species composition either alone or in combtition with &azine and burning. The number and complexity of treatment responses declined as successional status and/or precipitation improved.

show abstract

“…Schacht and Stubbendieck (1985) observed a great increase in Japanese brome the year following a prescribed burn, which is similar to results observed the year following treatment with herbicides. Unless herbicides are applied for two or more years, Japanese brome will revert to stands as thick as if it had never been treated (Hewlett et al 1981). Whether Japanese brome perpetuated in this study through a densely populated soil seed bank, through the escape of flowering tillers, or both is not known.…”

Section: Japanese Brome Density and Litter Cover Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 85%

Grazing and Burning Japanese Brome (Bromus Japonicus) on Mixed Grass Rangelands

Harmoney

2007

Rangeland Ecology & Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus Thunb. ex Murr.) is an introduced, annual cool-season grass adapted to the central and northern Great Plains. Japanese brome has negatively impacted perennial grasses and decreased seasonal animal gains. Prescribed spring burning and defoliation have been effective in reducing brome density or cover, but little information directly compares the two common strategies. The objectives of this study were to 1) compare annual spring burning and grazing to reduce Japanese brome populations; and 2) evaluate trends of vegetative composition and biomass in burned, grazed, and unburned rangelands infested with Japanese brome. Paddocks with Japanese brome were assigned to one of four treatments: 1) annual prescribed spring burning, 2) spring grazing, 3) a combination of annual spring burning and grazing, and 4) an idle control. Treatments were applied annually from 2000 to 2004. Japanese brome density was greatest in the idle control in all years, even when low winter and spring precipitation limited Japanese brome recruitment. Late spring Japanese brome density was similar in all treatments with grazing or burning in four of the five seasons. Spring burning resulted in less than 65% litter cover the last 3 years, whereas the idle control and spring grazing had over 80% litter cover the last 4 years. Western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii [Rydb.] A. Lö ve) decreased with spring grazing in burned and unburned paddocks. Buffalograss (Bouteloua dactyloides [Nutt] J. T. Columbus) composition decreased in the idle control treatment. Blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis [Willd. ex Kunth] Lag. ex Griffiths) and sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula [Michx.] Torr.) composition varied by year. Even though annual burning and spring grazing were equally effective in limiting Japanese brome density and biomass compared to the idle control, Japanese brome was still present after 5 years, which indicates the difficulty of eradicating Japanese brome from ecosystems where it has become naturalized. Resumen El ''Bromo japone´s'' (Bromus japonicus Thunb.) es un pasto introducido de estación fría adaptado a las Grandes Planicies Centrales y del Norte. El ''Bromo japone´s'' ha impactado negativamente a los pastos perennes y disminuido la ganancia animal estacional. El fuego prescrito en primavera y la defoliación han sido efectivos para reducir la densidad y cobertura del ''Bromo japone´s,'' pero poca información compara directamente estas dos estrategias comunes. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) comparar la quema anual en primavera y el apacentamiento para reducir las poblaciones de ''Bromo japonés,'' y 2) evaluar las tendencias de la composición vegetal y biomasa en pastizales infestados con ''Bromo japone´s'' quemados, apacentados y sin quemar. Los potreros con ''Bromo japone´s'' fueron asignados a uno de los siguientes tratamientos: 1) quema anual prescrita en primavera, 2) apacentamiento en primavera, 3) una combinación de quema anual en primavera y apacentamiento, y 4) un control sin uso; los tratamien...

show abstract

Japanese Brome Response to Atrazine in Combination with Nitrogen Fertilizer in the Mixed Prairie

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Japanese Brome on Western Wheatgrass Yield

Influence of Japanese Brome on Western Wheatgrass Yield

Atrazine, Spring Burning, and Nitrogen for Improvement of Tallgrass Prairie

Grazing and Burning Japanese Brome (Bromus Japonicus) on Mixed Grass Rangelands

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About