Japan's Universal Long‐Term Care System Reform of 2005: Containing Costs and Realizing a Vision

Tsutsui, Takako; Muramatsu, Naoko

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01281.x

Cited by 249 publications

(263 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The Community-based Rehabilitation Support System Promotion Project was officially started in 2000 and revised in 2006, led by the Office of Elderly Health Care of the MHLW. The project participants were both healthy and in the "assistance required" category of elderly individuals, which form the lowest of the seven levels of frailty in elderly individuals who need public LTCI support because of physical and mental disabilities [11,12]. Elderly individuals certified in the "assistance required" category use community care or preventive services to lead self-supporting lives while maintaining their present physical condition as long as possible.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of Each Category of Kihon Checklist for Assessing Physical Functioning, Nutrition and Cognitive Status in a Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Cohort

Hirose¹,

Nagata²,

Ogushi³

et al. 2017

Epidemiology

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Background: Kihon Checklist is a self-reported comprehensive health checklist used as a screening tool to identify frailty. The Kihon Checklist is a 25-item questionnaire including seven categories: daily life, physical ability, nutrition, oral condition, the extent to which one is housebound, cognitive status, and depression risk. We aimed to clarify the consistency in assessments of three important categories: physical strength, nutritional status, and cognitive function of Kihon Checklist using assessments of actual physical, nutritional, and cognitive statuses.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We checked each category of physical strength (Q.6-10), nutritional status (Q. [11][12], and cognition (Q. [18][19][20].…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Each Category of Kihon Checklist for Assessing Physical Functioning, Nutrition and Cognitive Status in a Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Cohort

Hirose¹,

Nagata²,

Ogushi³

et al. 2017

Epidemiology

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“…The process of certification in LTCI has been described elsewhere [22]. A medical doctor of primary care evaluated the need of LTCI and a trained local government healthcare official evaluates needs for nursing care using a questionnaire that assesses current physical and mental status (73 items) and using information about medical conditions (12 items) (e.g., treatments received or medication regimes).…”

Section: Incident Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Association with Incident Dementia and Disability

Doi

Shimada

Makizako

et al. 2017

JAD

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Abstract.Background: It is important to examine the etiology of motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) and its association with dementia and disability to obtain biological insights and to develop preventive strategies. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association of MCR with incidence of dementia and disability in a Japanese community-dwelling sample of older adults. Methods: Participants were 4,235 older adults (50% women, mean age: 72.0 years). MCR was diagnosed at baseline using established criteria in non-demented seniors with self-reported cognitive complaints and slow gait. Incident cases of dementia were identified from insurance data monthly. Disability was regarded as certification by long-term care insurance. Results: At baseline, 265 participants (6.3%) met criteria for MCR. During follow-up (mean duration: 29 months), there were 138 incident cases of dementia (3.3%) and 207 incident cases of disability (4.9%). Cox-proportional hazards models, adjusted for demographical data, lifestyle, and medical conditions, showed that presence of MCR at baseline was a major risk factor for developing dementia (HR 2.49, 95%CI 1.52-4.10, p < 0.001). MCR also predicted risk for disability (HR 1.69, 95%CI 1.08-2.02, p < 0.001). Conclusions: MCR is helpful in the short-term prediction of risk for dementia and disability in the elderly Japanese population. Identification of seniors with MCR is recommended for early detection and instituting preventive measures for reducing the risk of dementia and disability.

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“…Everyone aged ≥40 years pays premiums, and everyone aged ≥65 years is eligible for formal caregiving services [5]. Clients pay 10% of the eligible charges for services as a co-payment [6]. The older person (or caregiver) who wishes to receive long-term care applies to the public authority, and the initial assessment begins.…”

Section: Long-term Care Insurance (Ltci) Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence Factors of Mobility-Related Activities of Daily Living in Chronic Dialysis Patients Needing Long-Term Care: Analysis of Long-Term Care Eligibility Assessment Survey Data

Shimizu¹,

Aoki²,

Nakamura³

et al. 2014

Health

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Background: In the near future in Japan, chronic dialysis patients will likely face a situation where the aging and the lengthening of hemodialysis treatment periods will adversely affect the mobility-related activities of daily living (MR-ADL). The aim of this study was to investigate chronological change in MR-ADL among chronic dialysis patients in need of long-term care and the effect of admission to long-term care facilities on their MR-ADL. Methods: Data were analyzed from a longterm care eligibility assessment survey conducted in late March 2009 of 1000 individuals residing in Niigata City, Japan who were approved to receive long-term care. Then data from those individuals who had undergone the assessment survey ≥4 times over a period of ≥4 years were statistically evaluated. To reveal change in MR-ADL, this study performed a three-way analysis of variance with mean survey scores from assessment categories 2 -5 containing questions related to MR-ADL as the independent variable and the number of eligibility assessment surveys (withinsubjects factor), facility admission, and dialysis therapy (between-subjects factors) as dependent variables. Results: We observed the effect of facility admission in individuals aged >70 years for categories 2 -5, and observed the effect of the number of assessment surveys taken only in women ≥80 years for categories 2 and 5. Regarding the effect of dialysis therapy, female dialysis patients aged ≥80 years and in need of long-term care scored significantly higher on survey items for transferring, grooming, toileting, eating, and instrumental activities of daily living, all of which are indicators of a moderate decline in ADL. Conclusions: Because dialysis is often initiated in women * Corresponding author. U. Shimizu et al. 2175aged around 80 years, ADL in this group of individuals can be improved by the initiation and proper provision of dialysis.

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Japan's Universal Long‐Term Care System Reform of 2005: Containing Costs and Realizing a Vision

Cited by 249 publications

References 10 publications

Validation of Each Category of Kihon Checklist for Assessing Physical Functioning, Nutrition and Cognitive Status in a Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Cohort

Validation of Each Category of Kihon Checklist for Assessing Physical Functioning, Nutrition and Cognitive Status in a Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Cohort

Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Association with Incident Dementia and Disability

Influence Factors of Mobility-Related Activities of Daily Living in Chronic Dialysis Patients Needing Long-Term Care: Analysis of Long-Term Care Eligibility Assessment Survey Data

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