Janus Surface Micelles on Silica Particles: Synthesis and Application in Enzyme Immobilization

Abstract

In these years, synthesis and applications of Janus structures have aroused great interest for large‐scale applications in chemistry and materials science. Up to now, Janus particles with different morphologies and different functionalities have been synthesized in solutions, but the synthesis of Janus particles on solid surfaces has not been touched. In this research, Janus surface micelles (JSMs) are fabricated on the surfaces of silica particles by polymerization induced surface self‐assembly (PISSA) approach, and the JSMs are used for enzyme immobilization. Usually, enzyme immobilization should be able to optimize the performance of the immobilized enzymes, and an ideal immobilization system must offer protection to the immobilized enzyme with retained bioactivity. Herein, it is demonstrated that JSMs on silica particles can be used as an ideal platform for the immobilization of enzymes. To prepare JSMs, poly(2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) macro chain transfer agent (PDMAEMA‐CTA) brushes on silica particles and poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) macro CTA (PDEGMA‐CTA) are employed in reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer dispersion polymerization of styrene. After polymerization, JSMs with polystyrene cores and PDMAEMA/PDEGMA patches on the surfaces are prepared on silica particles. After quaternization reaction, the quaternized PDMAEMA patches are used for the immobilization of enzymes. Experimental results turn out that enhanced bioactivities of the immobilized enzymes are achieved and the enzyme molecules are well protected by surface Janus structures.

Synthesis of Polymer Brushes and Removable Surface Nanostructures on Tannic Acid Coatings

“…1 H NMR spectrum and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) curve of the BCP is shown in Figure S1. Silica particles with an average size of 180 nm were prepared by using the Stöber method. , The primary amino groups were introduced onto the surfaces of the particles through a chemical reaction with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane . After the reaction, the zeta potential of the silica particles changes from −36 mV for the native particles to 13 mV for the amino group-modified silica particles (SiO 2 -NH 2 ).…”

Engineering surface patterns on nanoparticles: new insights into nano-bio interactions

“…His approach of solution-casting-cross-linking-redissolution was relatively simple and laid the foundation for the development of self-assembly technology. 96 Thus, a wide variety of Janus particles can be synthesised in a controlled manner via self-assembly. 3,97,98 Recently, some ''subtractive'' methods have been proposed.…”

Polymer brush-based nanostructures: from surface self-assembly to surface co-assembly

“…Wang and coworkers for the first time proposed the concept of Janus surface micelles (JSMs) and demonstrated the applications of the JSMs in enzyme immobilization. 212 JSMs were synthesized by using PDMAEMA macro-CTA brushes on the silica particles (SiO 2 -PDMAEMA-CTA) and poly(di(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMA) macro-CTA (PDEGMA-CTA) as RAFT CTAs (Fig. 21).…”