Jamming transitions in force-based models for pedestrian dynamics

Chraibi, Mohcine; Ezaki, Takahiro; Tordeux, Antoine; Nishinari, Katsuhiro; Schadschneider, Andreas; Seyfried, Armin

doi:10.1103/physreve.92.042809

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to the case of localized jam, the low efficiency area begins to extend towards the left boundary and then the local efficiency remains low for a long period of time over a spatially extended area. In the low-efficiency area, some passersby move while others are at near standstill, and consequently stop-and-go motions can be observed as reported in previous studies [31,59,60]. Figure 6 shows the presence of stop-and-go motions near the at- traction.…”

Section: B Jam Patterns In Unidirectional Flowsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Parisi et al [30] introduced the respect area, which reserves a space on the order of pedestrian radius, in order to suppress overlapping among pedestrians. Later, Chraibi et al [31] proposed an interpersonal repulsion model that can prevent overlapping in one dimensional pedestrian flow. In their models, the driving force term becomes inactive when a pedestrian does not have enough room for stride.…”

Section: A Desired Walking Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Jamming transitions induced by an attraction in pedestrian flow

Kwak

Luttinen

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. E

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We numerically study jamming transitions in pedestrian flow interacting with an attraction, mostly based on the social force model for pedestrians who can join the attraction. We formulate the joining probability as a function of social influence from others, reflecting that individual choice behavior is likely influenced by others. By controlling pedestrian influx and the social influence parameter, we identify various pedestrian flow patterns. For the bidirectional flow scenario, we observe a transition from the free flow phase to the freezing phase, in which oppositely walking pedestrians reach a complete stop and block each other. On the other hand, a different transition behavior appears in the unidirectional flow scenario, i.e., from the free flow phase to the localized jam phase and then to the extended jam phase. It is also observed that the extended jam phase can end up in freezing phenomena with a certain probability when pedestrian flux is high with strong social influence. This study highlights that attractive interactions between pedestrians and an attraction can trigger jamming transitions by increasing the number of conflicts among pedestrians near the attraction. In order to avoid excessive pedestrian jams, we suggest suppressing the number of conflicts under a certain level by moderating pedestrian influx especially when the social influence is strong.

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Section: B Jam Patterns In Unidirectional Flowsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: A Desired Walking Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jamming transitions induced by an attraction in pedestrian flow

Kwak

Luttinen

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. E

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“…5). Yet, contrary to the unstable deterministic approaches, there are no generic problems like collisions and motion backward (see for instance [47,48,59] or [60,Chap. 15]).…”

Section: Stochastic Optimal Velocity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

White and relaxed noises in optimal velocity models for pedestrian flow with stop-and-go waves

Tordeux¹,

Schadschneider²

2016

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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A class of microscopic stochastic models is proposed to describe 1D pedestrian trajectories obtained in laboratory experiments. The class contains continuous first order models that are based on statistically calibrated optimal velocity functions. More specifically we consider a model with an additive white noise and another one where the noise is determined by the inertial Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Simulation results show that both stochastic models give a good description of the characteristic relation between speed and spacing (fundamental diagram) and its variability. However, only the inertial noise model can reproduce the observed stop-and-go waves, bimodal speed distributions, and non-zero speed or spacing autocorrelations. This allows to identify minimal microscopic stochastic mechanisms for the emergence of stable traffic waves.

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“…This would also avoid many of the artefacts observed in force-based models (see e.g. [47] and references therein) which are often a consequence of strong inertia effects. In future studies we expect an even better agreement with empirical data when more realistic optimal velocity functions are used in the model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stop-and-go waves induced by correlated noise in pedestrian models without inertia

Tordeux

Schadschneider

Lassarre³

2020

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edit

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Stop-and-go waves are commonly observed in traffic and pedestrian flows. In most traffic models they occur through a phase transition after fine tuning of parameters when the model has unstable homogeneous solutions. Inertia effects are believed to play an important role in this mechanism. Here, we present a novel explanation for stop-and-go waves based on stochastic effects in the absence of inertia. The introduction of specific coloured noises in a stable microscopic first order model allows to describe realistic stop-and-go behaviour without requiring instabilities or phase transitions. We apply the approach to pedestrian singlefile motion and compare simulation results to real pedestrian trajectories. Plausible values for the model parameters are discussed.

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Jamming transitions in force-based models for pedestrian dynamics

Cited by 29 publications

References 53 publications

Jamming transitions induced by an attraction in pedestrian flow

Jamming transitions induced by an attraction in pedestrian flow

White and relaxed noises in optimal velocity models for pedestrian flow with stop-and-go waves

Stop-and-go waves induced by correlated noise in pedestrian models without inertia

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