Jamming of LoRa PHY and Countermeasure

Hou, Ningning; Xia, Xianjin; Zheng, Yuanqing

doi:10.1109/infocom42981.2021.9488774

Cited by 35 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Last few years have seen advances in LoRa technology such as performance optimization [Balanuta et al 2020;Demetri et al 2019;Dongare et al 2018;Gao et al 2020;Hessar et al 2020;Li et al 2021;Liu et al 2020b;Sangar and Krishnaswamy 2020;Yang et al 2020a], LoRa backscatter [Guo et al 2020;Katanbaf et al 2021;Peng et al 2018;Talla et al 2017], LoRa sensing [Chen et al 2019;Gadre et al 2020b;Lin et al 2021;Nandakumar et al 2018;Xie and Xiong 2020;, and LoRa security Hou et al 2021;Hou and Zheng 2020;], etc.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCube: Scaling LoRa Concurrent Transmissions with Reception Diversities

Xia

Hou

Zheng

et al. 2022

ACM Trans. Sen. Netw.

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This paper presents the design and implementation of PCube, a phase-based parallel packet decoder for concurrent transmissions of LoRa nodes. The key enabling technology behind PCube is a novel air-channel phase measurement technique which is able to extract phase differences of air-channels between LoRa nodes and multiple antennas of a gateway. PCube leverages the reception diversities of multiple receiving antennas of a gateway and scales the concurrent transmissions of a large number of LoRa nodes, even exceeding the number of receiving antennas at a gateway. As a phase-based parallel decoder, PCube provides a new dimension to resolve collisions and supports more concurrent transmissions by complementing time and frequency based parallel decoders. PCube is implemented and evaluated with synchronized software defined radios and off-the-shelf LoRa nodes in both indoors and outdoors. Results demonstrate that PCube can substantially outperform state-of-the-art works in terms of aggregated throughput by 4.9 × and the number of concurrent nodes by up to 5 ×. More importantly, PCube scales well with the number of receiving antennas of a gateway, which is promising to break the barrier of concurrent transmissions.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCube: Scaling LoRa Concurrent Transmissions with Reception Diversities

Xia

Hou

Zheng

et al. 2022

ACM Trans. Sen. Netw.

Self Cite

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“…In particular, they point out the effectiveness of reactive jammers, which contain an embedded sniffer that listens to the LoRa channels and identifies the right moment to jam. Indeed, the efficacy of a jamming attack is maximized if the attacker's and the victim's transmitters are synchronized [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [5], the authors show the potential of reactive jammers to disrupt LoRa communications, given their ability to emit fake LoRa signals synchronized with the licit ones. According to the authors, it is impossible to distinguish perfectly synchronized LoRa signals (e.g., a fake one and a licit one) in the time domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, the emission of strong jamming signals that saturate the power measurement unit of a LoRa transceiver forces the LoRa device to use the same RSSI every time and, therefore, generate the same DevNonce, and all attempts of this node to join the network are refused. Mitigation strategies against jamming attacks designed for LoRa systems can be found in [4,5,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility of LoRa Communications to Intentional Electromagnetic Interference with Different Sweep Periods

Jose

Deniau

Gransart

et al. 2022

Sensors

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This work presents a detailed analysis of the susceptibility of LoRa communications in the presence of intentional jamming signals. The analysis is performed with a periodic frequency-sweeping intentional electromagnetic interference, corresponding to the most common jamming signals. Such a waveform faithfully represents the signals emitted by commercial jammers. As the sweep period of the jamming signals may vary from one such device to another, the analyses are conducted with different sweep period values, from 1 μs to 50 μs. The experimental results indicate that the impact varies significantly according to the sweep period of the jamming signal. The detailed analysis allows us to identify the jamming signals to which LoRa communications can be resilient or not as well as to identify which LoRa channels are less affected during an attack.

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“…Other research has considered smarter and more efficient jammers involving jamming LoRa nodes with LoRa signals. In [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ], LoRa reactive jammers (the jamming signal is only sent on detection of an incoming legitimate LoRa signal) and random jammers with a frequency hopping scheme were implemented and assessed on real-world devices. The authors concluded that jammer efficiency is obtained if the LoRa signal detection scheme is well-designed with good detection capability, and has a latency as low as possible to align the jamming signal in time with the signal of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Scheme for Discrete and Secure LoRa Communications

Demeslay

Gautier

Rostaing

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In this paper, we present a new LoRa transceiver scheme to ensure discrete communications secure from potential eavesdroppers by leveraging a simple and elegant spread spectrum philosophy. The scheme modifies both preamble and payload waveforms by adapting a current state-of-the-art LoRa synchronization front-end. This scheme can also be seen as a self-jamming approach. Furthermore, we introduce a new payload demodulation method that avoids the adverse effects of the traditional cross-correlation solution that would otherwise be used. Our simulation results show that the self-jamming scheme exhibits very good symbol error rate (SER) performance with a loss of just 0.5 dB for a frequency spread factor of up to 10.

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Jamming of LoRa PHY and Countermeasure

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

PCube: Scaling LoRa Concurrent Transmissions with Reception Diversities

PCube: Scaling LoRa Concurrent Transmissions with Reception Diversities

Susceptibility of LoRa Communications to Intentional Electromagnetic Interference with Different Sweep Periods

A Novel Scheme for Discrete and Secure LoRa Communications

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