Jalons pour une recherche sur l'acceptabilité sociale de l'innovation éco-conçue : aspects éthiques et épistémologiques de la norme environnementale

Abstract

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1. Livestock pests and vector-borne diseases – a much neglected subject

“…In the case of the pharmaceutical industries, the goal is to increase their sales and drive their research-development activities. In a commercial view, the research of social acceptability stands as a conquering and manipulative logic, and the sociology of uses appeared by consequence as a mercantile avatar (Roy 2013 framework of participative democracy and the public institutions to build public policies. For governments, the various approaches can be categorized within a large scale of participation, from sensitization to collaboration.…”

“…Acceptability appears as a fantastic and sprawling 'kraken' for the trail-blazers (Roy 2013): fantastic in the relation to the difficulties of anticipation, sprawling for the difficulties of control. Many very ambitious and mythic projects (such as the Great Wall of China or the pyramids) have been driven acceptable.…”

“…Many very ambitious and mythic projects (such as the Great Wall of China or the pyramids) have been driven acceptable. Thus this issue could be seen as an ideological one in relation to its practicalsocial function more than the theoretical or knowledge function (Roy 2013). Acceptability has, however, many different dimensions according to the sociology of innovation, political science and psychology and the social resistance to innovation should be seen as an exciting element that obliges innovators to take all these dimensions into account.…”

“…The people must not be reduced to weak and ignorant crowds as rulers can always be knocked down (Callon et al 2014). On the other hand, the liberal tradition heads toward overestimating the free will of individuals and underestimating the relations of power and leads to the conclusion that rejection of innovation is those of the progress that cannot be free or rational (Roy 2013). However, since Aristote and the Greek philosophy, the weak of the will and the fact that people can act against their interest (the 'akrasia' phenomenon) is taken into account.…”

“…Social norms correspond to a 'should be': norms have meaning only if they include a part of a contingency, something that might not be (Roy 2013). Norms indicate which behaviours must be realized and they differ necessarily from the 'natural laws' which come under necessity.…”