Muscle atrophy refers to a decline in muscle mass and
function,
which has become a global concern due to the aging population. Various
clinical trials have investigated the inhibitors of myostatin (MSTN).
They have shown promising improvements in muscle function and quality
of life. However, there are no drugs specifically targeting MSTN that
have been approved for clinical use. In this study, we virtually screened
liensinine (LIE), a food (Nelumbo nucifera)-derived compound, with low toxicity, from over 1.1 million compounds.
We subsequently identified it as a potential candidate that targets
MSTN by a cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and drug affinity response
target stability (DARTS) assay. Further validation through cellular
and in vivo studies demonstrated its promising potential
in combating muscle atrophy. The mechanism of action may involve hindering
the interaction between MSTN and the activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB)
and downregulating the expression of downstream proteins, including
the muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF-1) and muscle atrophy F-box
(MAFbx)/Atrogin-1, ultimately promoting muscle regeneration. These
results provide a strong foundation for future studies to explore
the therapeutic potential of LIE in clinical settings.