Jackknife Estimator of Species Richness with<i>S-PLUS</i>

Smith, Christina D.; Pontius, Jeffrey S.

doi:10.18637/jss.v015.i03

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…This non-parametric estimator is based on the number of unique species contained in each observation (Smith & Pontius 2006), and according to Tobler et al (2008), it performs better than other estimators for data sets derived from large numbers of camera days. We also selected this estimator for its reduced bias and because it is based on the presence or absence of a species rather than on the abundance of the species (Smith & Pontius 2006). For these analyses, we used the program EstimateS (version 7.5.2), and for randomizations, we used 1,000 runs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of camera-trap sampling design on mammal species capture rates and community structures in southeastern Brazil

Srbek‐Araujo

Chiarello

2013

Biota Neotrop.

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The distribution of species and population attributes are critical data for biodiversity conservation. As a tool for obtaining such data, camera traps have become increasingly common throughout the world. However, there are disagreements on how camera-trap records should be used due to imperfect species detectability and limitations regarding the use of capture rates as surrogates for abundance. We evaluated variations in the capture rates and community structures of mammals in camera-trap surveys using four different sampling designs. The camera traps were installed on internal roads (in the first and fourth years of the study), at 100-200 m from roads (internal edges; second year) and at 500 m from the nearest internal road (forest interior; third year). The mammal communities sampled in the internal edges and forest interior were similar to each other but differed significantly from those sampled on the roads. Furthermore, for most species, the number of records and the capture success varied widely among the four sampling designs. A further experiment showed that camera traps placed on the same tree trunk but facing in opposing directions also recorded few species in common. Our results demonstrated that presence or non-detection and capture rates vary among the different sampling designs. These differences resulted mostly from the habitat use and behavioral attributes of species in association with differences in sampling surveys, which resulted in differential detectability. We also recorded variations in the distribution of records per sampling point and at the same spot, evidencing the stochasticity associated with the camera-trap location and orientation. These findings reinforce that for species whose specimens cannot be individually identified, the capture rates should be best used as inputs for presence and detection analyses and for behavior inferences (regarding the preferential use of habitats and activity patterns, for example). Comparisons between capture rates or among relative abundance indices, even for the same species, should be made cautiously.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of camera-trap sampling design on mammal species capture rates and community structures in southeastern Brazil

Srbek‐Araujo

Chiarello

2013

Biota Neotrop.

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“…As a resampling method, the jackknife omits one observation at a time and recomputes the estimate using the remaining observations (Heltshe & Forrester 1983). The first-order jackknife estimator is based on the amount of unique species information that is contained in each observation (Smith & Pontius 2006). Only species and individual taxa were considered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and composition of decapod larvae at Saint Paul's Rocks (equatorial Atlantic)

2012

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We investigated the effect of interannual variation on the biodiversity and distribution of decapod larvae at Saint Paul's Rocks, an isolated small group of equatorial islands linked to the Atlantic Mid‐Ocean ridge. Zooplankton samples were collected between 2003 and 2005 from a range of different environments off the archipelago. Horizontal surface hauls were conducted in the inlet and at three increasing distances from the archipelago, both in the morning and at night, using a 200‐μm mesh net. Decapod larvae collected included 11 species and 37 individual taxa. Seven of them have not previously been recorded in the area. Samples taken at the shortest distance from the archipelago exhibited a significantly greater abundance than samples taken further away. No significant differences were detected between months in terms of decapod larvae abundance in the inlet. However, in the open ocean at night, the mean abundance was much higher in May and July. Decapod larvae abundance was much higher at night for both the open ocean and the inlet. Brachyuran and caridean larvae exhibited the greatest abundance and frequency in the inlet, mainly represented by the first‐stage larvae of: Grapsus grapsus, Plagusia depressa, Platypodiella spectabilis and Alpheidae. In contrast, Sergestidae holopelagic shrimps were the most abundant and the most frequent larvae in the surface waters of the open ocean. The composition, abundance and distribution of decapod larvae were very similar during the 2 years sampled. Species accumulation curves indicate that even greater diversity exists, demonstrating that long‐term research is important for acquiring accurate knowledge about the biodiversity of dynamic ecosystems such as those at Saint Paul's Rocks.

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“…Jackknife estimator of species richness is based on presence-absence data. It is known to reduce bias for the theoretical estimates of species richness and is based on the amount of unique species information that is contained in each observation (Smith and Pontius 2006). Analysis of co-variance was used to test for significant difference of equality of slopes of regression lines from the log transformed species accumulation plots.…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation-related reef fish species richness depletion in the epicenter of marine biodiversity

2010

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The central Visayan region of the Philippines historically has the highest concentration of coral reef fishes than any other large marine area in the world. This well-supported biogeographic phenomenon is contradicted by recent transect observations on coral reefs that indicates that the Visayan region and the southern Philippine Sea region have the lowest species richness in the Philippines. The Visayan region has unusually low counts of species typically exploited in fisheries and the aquarium trade. This evidence, coupled with numerous reports of intense fishing and habitat degradation and subsequent species declines at local scales suggests that this exploitation is having a cumulative effect on the overall species richness of the Visayan region. Successes in Marine Protected Areas in this region in increasing species richness at local scales suggests that improved management of these protected areas coupled with much more intensive fisheries management will be key to reviving a healthy biodiversity in the Visayas.

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Jackknife Estimator of Species Richness withS-PLUS

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of camera-trap sampling design on mammal species capture rates and community structures in southeastern Brazil

Influence of camera-trap sampling design on mammal species capture rates and community structures in southeastern Brazil

Abundance and composition of decapod larvae at Saint Paul's Rocks (equatorial Atlantic)

Exploitation-related reef fish species richness depletion in the epicenter of marine biodiversity

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