Jackknife‐based method for measuring LRP onset latency differences

Miller, Jeff; Patterson, Tui; Ulrich, Rolf

doi:10.1111/1469-8986.3510099

Cited by 563 publications

(561 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Notably, the pattern of results was the same in both analyses. We stress, however, that a formal generalization from CIs to ANOVAs has yet been described for LRPs (Miller, Patterson, & Ulrich, 1998;Ulrich & Miller, 2001) but is missing in the domain of model parameters. Future applications and simulations may hence disclose further advantages and limits of resampling techniques for statistics on model parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Time pressure affects the efficiency of perceptual processing in decisions under conflict

Dambacher

Hübner

2014

Psychological Research

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The negative correlation between speed and accuracy in perceptual decision making is often explained as a tradeoff, where lowered decision boundaries under time pressure result in faster but more error-prone responses. Corresponding implementations in sequential sampling models confirmed the success of this account, which has led to the prevalent assumption that a second component of decision making, the efficiency of perceptual processing, is largely independent from temporal demands. To test the generality of this claim, we examined time pressure effects on decisions under conflict. Data from a flanker task were fit with a sequential sampling model that

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Time pressure affects the efficiency of perceptual processing in decisions under conflict

Dambacher

Hübner

2014

Psychological Research

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“…N2pc, s-LRP, and r-LRP onset latencies were determined separately for repeat, feature change, and dimension change trials using the jackknife procedure in which averaged ERP difference waves (ipsilateral ERPs subtracted from contralateral ERPs) are computed over subsamples of participants, systematically excluding one participant from the original sample (Miller, Patterson, & Ulrich 1998;Ulrich & Miller, 2001). Onset latencies were defined as the point in time where the negative going deflection in the difference waveform of each subsample exceeded 40% of the N2pc peak amplitude (N2pc onset latencies; see Eimer et al, 2010 andEimer, Kiss, Press, &Sauter, 2009, for an identical procedure), 50% of the s-LRP peak amplitude (s-LRP onset latencies; Miller et al, 1998), and 90% of the r-LRP peak amplitude (r-LRP onset latencies; Miller et al, 1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onset latencies were defined as the point in time where the negative going deflection in the difference waveform of each subsample exceeded 40% of the N2pc peak amplitude (N2pc onset latencies; see Eimer et al, 2010 andEimer, Kiss, Press, &Sauter, 2009, for an identical procedure), 50% of the s-LRP peak amplitude (s-LRP onset latencies; Miller et al, 1998), and 90% of the r-LRP peak amplitude (r-LRP onset latencies; Miller et al, 1998). Mean amplitudes and onset latencies were subjected to separate repeatedmeasures ANOVAs and two-tailed t-tests using the statistical software package SPSS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean amplitudes and onset latencies were subjected to separate repeatedmeasures ANOVAs and two-tailed t-tests using the statistical software package SPSS. Statistical t and F values comparing jackknifed onset latencies were corrected according to the formulas described by Miller et al (1998) and Ulrich and Miller (2001), respectively, and were indicated with the labels 't c ' and 'F c '.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct neural networks for target feature versus dimension changes in visual search, as revealed by EEG and fMRI

2014

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Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in NeuroImage. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be re ected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A de nitive version was subsequently published in NeuroImage, 102, Part 2, 15 November 2014, 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.08.058. Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractIn visual search, responses are slowed, from one trial to the next, both when the target dimension changes (e.g., from a color target to a size target) and when the target feature changes (e.g., from a red target to a green target) relative to being repeated across trials. The present study examined whether such feature and dimension switch costs can be attributed to the same underlying mechanism(s). Contrary to this contention, an EEG study showed that feature changes influenced visual selection of the target (i.e., delayed N2pc onset), whereas dimension changes influenced the later process of response selection (i.e., delayed s-LRP onset). An fMRI study provided convergent evidence for the two-system view: Compared with repetitions, feature changes led to increased activation in the occipital cortex, and superior and inferior parietal lobules, which have been implicated in spatial attention. By contrast, dimension changes led to activation of a frontoposterior network that is primarily linked with response selection (i.e., pre-motor cortex, supplementary motor area and frontal areas). Taken together, the results suggest that feature and dimension switch costs are based on different processes. Specifically, whereas target feature changes delay attention shifts to the target, target dimension changes interfere with later response selection operations.

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“…7) to capture the inflexion appropriately. As in Experiment 1, 'jackknifing' (Miller et al, 1998) was used to compute the standard error over subjects of the difference in onsets between the switch and repeat conditions. <<INSERT FIGURE 7 ABOUT HERE>> Figure 7 shows the GFP difference wave for the segments used for the bilinear function fitting and the GFP difference wave for the whole post-stimulus interval.…”

Section: Lexical Decision Task Erp Latency Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A change of task prolongs early processes: Evidence from ERPs in lexical tasks.

Elchlepp¹,

Lavric²,

Monsell³

2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Switching tasks costs time. Allowing time to prepare reduces the cost, but usually leaves an irreducible "residual cost". Most accounts of this residual cost locate it within the responseselection stage of processing. To determine which processing stage is affected, we measured event-related potentials (ERPs) as participants performed a reading or a perceptual judgment task and examined the effect of a task-switch on early markers of lexical processing. A task cue preceding a string of blue and red letters instructed the participant either to read the letter string (for a semantic classification in Experiment 1, a lexical decision in Experiment 2), or to judge the symmetry of its color pattern. In Experiment 1, having to switch to the reading task delayed the evolution of the effect of word frequency on the reading task ERP by a substantial fraction of the effect on RT. In Experiment 2, a task switch delayed the onset of the effect of lexical status on the ERP to about the same extent that it prolonged the RT. These effects indicate an early locus of (most of) the residual switch cost: we propose that this reflects a form of task-related attentional inertia. Other findings have implications for the automaticity of lexical access: effects of frequency, lexicality and orthographic familiarity on ERPs in the symmetry task indicated involuntary but attenuated orthographic and lexical processing even when attention was focused on a non-lexical property. 3It is generally harder to switch among several cognitive tasks than to continue to perform just one. A popular way to capture at least part of this multitasking overhead in the laboratory is to conduct a reaction time (RT) experiment in which, on each of a series of trials, a stimulus is presented, and the participant must perform one of several possible tasks. On some trials the task changes, on others it does not, other things being equal. Several such "task-switching" paradigms have been developed and extensively explored over the last two decades. (For reviews see Kiesel, Steinhauser, Wendt, Falkenstein, Jost, Philipp, & Koch, 2010;Monsell, 2003;Vandierendonck, Liefooghe, & Verbruggen, 2010). The most obvious phenomenon they reveal is the substantial cost to performance of a switch of task: the average RT for a correct response is longer (and there are usually more errors) when the task changes than when it does not.The opportunity to prepare for a task before presentation of the stimulus generally reduces this switch cost, but does not eliminate it (Meiran, 1996;Rogers & Monsell, 1995). To manipulate preparation time unconfounded by the time elapsing since the previous performance of a task, task-cuing can be used (Meiran, 1996): each stimulus follows the previous response by a standard interval, and a task cue precedes the stimulus by an interval which is independently manipulated to vary preparation time. As the cue-stimulus interval (CSI) is increased from zero, the RT switch cost reduces to an asymptotic residual cost, usually reached at a CSI of bet...

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Jackknife‐based method for measuring LRP onset latency differences

Cited by 563 publications

References 9 publications

Time pressure affects the efficiency of perceptual processing in decisions under conflict

Time pressure affects the efficiency of perceptual processing in decisions under conflict

Distinct neural networks for target feature versus dimension changes in visual search, as revealed by EEG and fMRI

A change of task prolongs early processes: Evidence from ERPs in lexical tasks.

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