Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)

Chesick, Emily E.; Bergmann, Ben A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-13231-9_15

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…BA, in the range of 0 . 22 to 5 mg l À1 , is the most commonly used cytokinin for adventitious bud induction in conifers (Chesick and Bergmann, 1991;Kolevska-PletikapicÂ and ButurovicÂ -DericÂ , 1995;GonzaÂ lez et al, 1998) and is sometimes used at even higher concentrations (10 mg l À1 ) (Lesney, 1991;Schwarz et al, 1991). In contrast, in our study, P. chihuahuana embryos developed earlier with kinetin (alone or with low concentrations of 2,4-D) than with BA with NAA.…”

Section: Bud Development and Elongationcontrasting

confidence: 54%

Adventitious Bud Formation from Mature Embryos of Picea chihuahuana Martínez, an Endangered Mexican Spruce Tree

et al. 2000

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Zygotic embryos of Picea chihuahuana MartõÂ nez were cultivated in vitro to determine the time of organogenic competence and to maximize adventitious bud induction. The induction medium consisted of modi®ed B5 substrate supplemented with N 6 -benzyladenine (with or without naphthalene acetic acid) or kinetin (with or without 2-4, dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) at dierent concentrations and induction times. The minimum induction time required for bud formation was 14 d with kinetin and 17 d with N 6 -benzyladenine. After induction embryos were transferred to the proliferation medium (modi®ed B5 substrate with 50 % of its components and without growth regulators) for 30 d. The subsequent buds were transferred every 15 d to Schenk and Hildebrandt medium at half its concentration without growth regulators. The most eective treatments were 3 and 5 mg l À1 kinetin or N 6 -benzyladenine which produced ®ve to seven buds per embryo. The largest shoots were subjected to rooting trials with pulses of dierent concentrations of indole butyric acid resulting in only one bud developing a root. Histological analysis revealed clusters of three to four cells that became more evident as induction time increased. Kinetin promoted the development of an organized structure prior to adventitious buds formation sooner than N 6 -benzyladenine. # 2000 Annals of Botany Company

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Section: Bud Development and Elongationcontrasting

confidence: 54%

Adventitious Bud Formation from Mature Embryos of Picea chihuahuana Martínez, an Endangered Mexican Spruce Tree

et al. 2000

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“…Jack pine generally performs better than black spruce in dry conditions [25,[80][81][82]. Well-drained surface deposits, including till, fluvio-glacial expanses and lacustrine and sandy deposits, promote jack pine growth [83][84][85][86]. Further, jack pine performance is better on dry, well-drained mineral and organic substrates, particularly sand, silty sand and humus, compared to poorly drained wet substrates [83,85,87].…”

Section: Jack Pinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Well-drained surface deposits, including till, fluvio-glacial expanses and lacustrine and sandy deposits, promote jack pine growth [83][84][85][86]. Further, jack pine performance is better on dry, well-drained mineral and organic substrates, particularly sand, silty sand and humus, compared to poorly drained wet substrates [83,85,87]. In the dry regions of our study area (Figure 3a,b), we found that jack pine seedling growth was favoured by organic (fibric, humic and litter) and organo-mineral substrates.…”

Section: Jack Pinementioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Climate, Edaphic Conditions and Establishment Substrates Interact to Influence Initial Growth of Black Spruce and Jack Pine Planted in the Boreal Forest

Henneb

Thiffault

Valeria

2020

Forests

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In eastern Canada, spruces (Picea spp.) and pines (Pinus spp.) are among the main commercial species being logged for their lumber or wood fiber. Annually, about 175 million seedlings are planted in areas totaling ~100,000 ha. Appropriate microsite selection is essential during reforestation operations, given that it can improve the chances of survival and initial growth of the seedlings. In fir (Abies spp.) and spruce forests of eastern Canada, the optimal characteristics of establishment microsites have yet to be identified; these would be determined by different physical and climatic variables operating at several scales. Our study determined the influence of climatic (regional-scale), edaphic (stand-scale), local (microsite-scale) and planting conditions on the establishment substrate and initial growth of black spruce (Picea mariana Britton, Sterns and Poggenb.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.). Substrate characterization and growth monitoring (three growing seasons) for the two species were conducted on 29 planted cutblocks that were distributed over an east–west climatic gradient (precipitation and temperature) in the balsam fir and black spruce–feather moss forests of Quebec (Canada). Linear mixed models and multivariate analyses (PCAs) determined the effects of climatic, edaphic and micro-environmental variables and their interactions on the establishment substrate and seedling initial growth. The predictive models explained, respectively, 61% and 75% of the growth variability of black spruce and jack pine. Successful establishment of black spruce and jack pine depended upon regional conditions of precipitations and temperature, as well as on their interactions with stand-scale edaphic variables (surface deposit, drainage and slope) and local variables (micro-environmental) at the microsite-scale (establishment substrate types and substrate temperature). Mineral, organo-mineral and organic establishment substrates exerted mixed effects on seedling growth according to regional precipitation and temperature conditions, as well as their interactions with edaphic and local variables at the stand and microsite-scales, respectively.

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Minireviews: Neighborhood Effects, Disturbance Severity, and Community Stability in Forests

1999

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A theoretical framework and conceptual model for temporal stability of forest tree-species composition was developed based on a synthesis of existing studies. The model pertains primarily to time periods of several tree lifetimes (several hundred to a few thousand years) at the neighborhood and stand spatial scales (0.01-10 ha), although a few extensions to the landscape scale are also made. The cusp catastrophe was chosen to illustrate compositional dynamics at the stand level for jack pine, northern hardwood, and white pine forests in the Great Lakes Region of the United States and for tropical rainforests in the northern Amazon basin. The models feature a response surface (degree of dominance by late-successional species) that depends on two variables: type of neighborhood effects of the dominant tree species and severity of disturbances. Neighborhood effects are processes that affect the chance of a species replacing itself at the time of disturbance (they can be positive, neutral, or negative) and are of two types: overstory-undestory effects, such as the presence of advanced reproduction; and disturbance-activated effects, such as serotinous seed rain. Disturbance severity is the proportion of trees killed during a disturbance. Interactions between neighborhood effects and disturbance severity can lead to either punctuated stability (dramatic but infrequent change in composition, in those forests dominated by species with positive neighborhood effects) or succession (continuous change, in those forests dominated by species with neutral-negative neighborhood effects). We propose that neighborhood effects are a major organizing factor in forest dynamics that provide a link across spatial scales between individual trees and disturbance/patch dynamics at the stand and landscape scales.

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Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Adventitious Bud Formation from Mature Embryos of Picea chihuahuana Martínez, an Endangered Mexican Spruce Tree

Adventitious Bud Formation from Mature Embryos of Picea chihuahuana Martínez, an Endangered Mexican Spruce Tree

Regional Climate, Edaphic Conditions and Establishment Substrates Interact to Influence Initial Growth of Black Spruce and Jack Pine Planted in the Boreal Forest

Minireviews: Neighborhood Effects, Disturbance Severity, and Community Stability in Forests

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