For positive integers q and n, think of P as the vertex set of a (qn + r)-gon, 0 ≤ r ≤ q − 1. For 1 ≤ i ≤ qn + r, define V (i) to be a set of q consecutive points of P , starting at p(i), and let S be a subset of {V (i) : 1 ≤ i ≤ qn + r}. A q-coloring of P = P (q) such that each member of S contains all q colors is called appropriate for S, and when 1 ≤ j ≤ q, the definition may be extended to suitable subsets P (j) of P . If for every 1 ≤ j ≤ q and every corresponding P (j), P (j) has a j-coloring appropriate for S, then we say P = P (q) has all colorings appropriate for S. With this terminology, the following Helly-type result is established: Set P = P (q) has all colorings appropriate for S if and only if for every (2n + 1)-member subset T of S, P has all colorings appropriate for T . The number 2n + 1 is best possible for every r ≥ 1. Intermediate results for q-colorings are obtained as well.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). Primary 52A30, 52A35.