J. Marion Sims, MD: Why He and His Accomplishments Need to Continue to be Recognized a Commentary and Historical Review

Vernon, Leonard F.

doi:10.1016/j.jnma.2019.02.002

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, it is the approach by the clinical research enterprise that reinforces and perpetuates social inequality seen within clinical research today ( 17 , 18 ). Moreover, increasing public awareness and discussion of the exploitation of vulnerable populations for “medical discovery”, including the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Syphilis Study at Tuskegee ( 19 ) and other sexually transmitted disease experiments in Guatemala ( 20 ), the cloning of Henrietta Lacks’ cells ( 21 ), radiation exposure and gynecologic experimental surgeries conducted on enslaved African Americans and Native Americans ( 22 ), has reinforced the current community recognition that medical care and medical research is inequitable ( 23 ). Mistrust in research among African Americans is sustained due to inequities in health care systems (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recruitment of Older African Americans in Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials Using a Community Education Approach

et al. 2022

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Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) is two times more prevalent among compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Despite the higher prevalence of ADRD among older African Americans, recent estimates suggest research enrollment by those who identify as African American remains limited. The purpose of the study is to 1) explore how a culturally tailored community education program impacts clinical trial interest and enrollment in ADRD research studies and to 2) identify how applicable the African American community perceived the culturally tailored curriculum. Using a community-engaged research approach, we collaborated with predominately African American serving community-based organizations to support content development and delivery of Aging with Grace (AWG), a culturally tailored ADRD educational curriculum. A total of five AWG presentations were given to 66 attendees. Most attendees (67%) expressed interest in participating in clinical trials after attending AWG. Enrollment increased within an observational study (84%) and lifestyle prevention clinical trials (52%) from 2018 to 2019. Attendees (32%) also perceived an increase in ADRD knowledge from attending AWG and 89.1% believed more African Americans should participate in research. Our work demonstrates the effectiveness of a culturally tailored community education program to enhance knowledge, clinical trial interest, and recruitment into observational studies and lifestyle ADRD clinical trials among older African Americans. Education programs developed in partnership with the community can serve as bridge to research participation for underrepresented minorities in clinical research. Future studies should assess long-term retention of knowledge and research readiness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recruitment of Older African Americans in Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials Using a Community Education Approach

et al. 2022

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“…9,10,18 Leonard F Vernon argues Sims' lack of training and experience in the use of ether would have prevented him from using it, as it may 'have been more of a danger than the actual surgery'. 21 This idea recurs in defence of Sims. Yet, lack of training and experience did not stop him using forceps on Anarcha, certainly did not stand in his way when attempting surgical repair for obstetric fistulae, and it did not prevent other medical practitioners from using ether anaesthesia in their day-to-day practice either.…”

Section: Anaesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anarcha, Betsey, Lucy, and the women whose names were not recorded: The legacy of J Marion Sims

Cronin

2020

Anaesth Intensive Care

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In April 2018, a statue commemorating J Marion Sims was removed from Central Park, New York, and relocated to Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, where he is buried. In 1849, Sims developed a repeatable surgical solution for obstetric fistula, a debilitating condition caused by prolonged, obstructed labour, which damages the vaginal wall, resulting in permanent leakage via the vagina from either the bowel or bladder and sometimes both. Initially, Sims appears worthy of widespread adulation. There are several commemorative statues of him, he has been afforded the title of the ‘father of modern gynaecology’, and for 37 years, the American Urogynecological Society held an annual eponymous lecture, among other honours. Obstetric fistula rendered women social pariahs, unable to engage fully in either domestic or public life. Sims was able to create a reliably repeatable surgical solution but did so through ongoing experimentation on enslaved women. One of these women, Anarcha, was operated on at least 30 times without the use of anaesthesia over a four-year period, despite the availability of anaesthesia for the majority of the experimentation period. Over 170 years later, Sims’ story retains its relevance because it represents a clear point at which race, gender and class intersect with medicine. This paper will use Sims’ own account to drive the narrative, then examine matters of agency, ethics and consent that come from it, to show that his work, and subsequent renown, were only possible because of the inherent violence of chattel slavery and other systemic forms of oppression.

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“…The mistrust can be attributed to centuries of unethical research practices rooted in the systemic racism of our nation. Some of the better-known examples of these abuses include Marion J. Sims using enslaved women to study vesico-vaginal fistulae ( 16 ) and the 1930s Tuskegee experiments by the U.S. Public Health Service on the progression of untreated syphilis. The experimenters, for years, failed to treat the infected patients, even when penicillin became the safe and easy treatment against this disease ( 12 , 15 ).…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Vaccine Literacy for Urban Health Science Students, the Future Health Workforce

Carmona

Trujillo

2023

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

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J. Marion Sims, MD: Why He and His Accomplishments Need to Continue to be Recognized a Commentary and Historical Review

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Recruitment of Older African Americans in Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials Using a Community Education Approach

Recruitment of Older African Americans in Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials Using a Community Education Approach

Anarcha, Betsey, Lucy, and the women whose names were not recorded: The legacy of J Marion Sims

Developing Vaccine Literacy for Urban Health Science Students, the Future Health Workforce

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