J. M. Synge in America

Murphy, Brenda; Mathews, Patricia

doi:10.1017/ccol9780521110105.013

Cited by 87 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[16] except as noted in the footnotes) "Cetane number data for pure component.s from Ref. [17]. '^e isohexane used in this study was a mixture of isomers; data characteristic of these isotners are shown in the table.…”

Section: R' : 3 Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Getane number data for these pure components are reported from a recent NREL compilation of cetane data. This report references many sources for cetane data, including the traditional ASTM D613 GFR test and the recent ignition quality test (IQT) [17]. In cases of disagreement between various available published tests, the value reported in Table 3 is the most recent value or the value from either the GFR or IQT test (as opposed to a blending test or other test).…”

Section: Fuels Testedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding Ignition Delay Effects With Pure Component Fuels in a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

Caton

Hamilton

Cowart

2010

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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In order to better understand how future candidate diesel fuels may affect combustion characteristics in diesel engines, 21 pure component hydrocarbon fuels were tested in a single-cylinder diesel engine. These pure component fuels included normal alkanes (CO-CIÓ), normal primary alkenes (C6-CI8), isoalkanes, cycloalkanesZ-enes, and aromatic .•ipecies. In addition, seven fuel blends were tested, including commercial diesel fuel, U.S. Navy JP-5 aviation fuel, and five Fischer-Tropsch synthetic fuels. Ignititm delay was used as a primary combustion metric for each fuel, and the ignition delay period was analyzed from the perspective of the physical delay period followed by the chemical delay period. While fuel properties could not strictly be varied independently of each other, several ignition delay correlations with respect to physical properties were suggested. In general, longer ignition delays were observed for component fuels with lower liquid fuel density, kinematic viscosity, and liquid-air surface tension. Longer ignition delay was also observed for component fuels with higher fuel volatilit}', as measured by boiling point and vapor pressure. Experimental data show two regimes of operation: For a carbon chain length of 12 or greater, there is little variation in ignition delay for the tested fuels. For shorter chain lengths, a fuel molecular structure is very important. Carbon chain length was used as a scaling variable with an empirical factor to collapse the ignition delay onto a single trend line. Companion detailed kinetic modeling was pursued on the ¡ighte.it fuel species set (C6) .since this fuel set possessed the greatest igniti(m delay differences. The kinetic model gives a chemical ignition delay time, which, .together with the measured experimental ignition delay, suggests that the physical and chemical delay period have comparable importance. However, the calculated chemical delay periods capture the general variation in the overall ignition delay and could be u.sed to predict the ignition delay of possible future synthetic diesel fuels.

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Section: R' : 3 Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuels Testedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Ignition Delay Effects With Pure Component Fuels in a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

Caton

Hamilton

Cowart

2010

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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“…For example, Yam et al, [15] used the limited nesting material paradigm of early life stress and demonstrated that although stressed mice exhibited comparably reduced weight and adipose tissue at weaning, the stressed mice were more susceptible to high-fat diet-induced obesity than non-stressed mice. Additionally, Murphy et al, [43] used maternal separation with early weaning as a stress paradigm and demonstrated that stressed adult male and female mice on a low-fat diet had increased fat mass compared to non-stressed mice. Interestingly, female stressed mice were more susceptible to high-fat diet-induced changes in body weight and fat compared to non-stressed mice, while male stressed mice consuming a high-fat diet had similar body weight and fat compared to non-stressed mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early life stress reduces voluntary exercise and its prevention of diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction in mice

Eller

Morris

Thyfault

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The development of obesity-related metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. One environmental factor found to be significantly associated with MetS is early life stress (ELS). We have previously reported on our mouse model of ELS, induced by neonatal maternal separation (NMS), that displays altered regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and increased sensitivity in the urogenital organs, which was attenuated by voluntary wheel running. Here, we are using our NMS model to determine if ELS-induced changes in the HPA axis also influence weight gain and MetS. Naïve (non-stressed) and NMS male mice were given free access to a running wheel and a low-fat control diet at 4-weeks of age. At 16-weeks of age, half of the mice were transitioned to a high fat/sucrose (HFS) diet to investigate if NMS influences the effectiveness of voluntary exercise to prevent diet-induced obesity and MetS. Overall, we observed a greater impact of voluntary exercise on prevention of HFS diet-induced outcomes in naïve mice, compared to NMS mice. Although body weight and fat mass were still significantly higher, exercise attenuated fasting insulin levels and mRNA levels of inflammatory markers in epididymal adipose tissue in HFS diet-fed naïve mice. Only moderate changes were observed in exercised NMS mice on a HFS diet, although this could partially be explained by reduced running distance within this group. Interestingly, sedentary NMS mice on a control diet displayed impaired glucose homeostasis and moderately increased pro-inflammatory mRNA levels in epididymal adipose, suggesting that early life stress alone impairs metabolic function and negatively impacts the therapeutic effect of voluntary exercise.

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“…Gradable opposites are considered as the most "prototypical" type of opposites (e.g. Lyons [21]; Cruse [2]; Murphy [25]; Muehleisen & Isono [24]). The high frequency of their co-occurrence is proposed to be related to the greater shared collocational range between the members than that between near opposites (Muehleisen [23]; Willners [36]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antonymous Adjectives in Disyllabic Lexical Compounds in Mandarin: A Cognitive Linguistics Perspective

Zhang¹,

Kemmer²

2015

lls

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Corpus-based research into antonyms inEnglish, Sweden and Japanese has gradually brought the lexical relation of antonymy into functional-cognitive linguistics in recent years. When antonymous adjectives are examined in Mandarin corpora, we find that they co-occur in both discontinuous constructions, for example, 既不热也不冷 ji bure ye buleng, literally not hot also not cold, 'neither hot nor cold', and lexical compounds, often called disyllabic compounds, for example, 大小 da xiao, literally big-small, 'size'. This study is a cognitive account of Mandarin disyllabic compound constructions composed of two antonymous adjective roots, such as 长短 chang duan, literally long-short, 'length', 左右 zuo you, literally left-right, 'control', and 反正 fan zheng, literally back-face, 'anyway'.With the help of the Lancaster corpus of Mandarin Chinese (LCMC) and the corpus from the Center for Chinese Linguistics (CCL), 51 instances of antonymous adjective compounds were retrieved. When the antonymous adjectives co-occur, there are interactions between the componential semantics and the constructional semantics. While the disyllabic compound constructions may inherit the part of speech from their components, they may also have their own part of speech, functioning as nouns, adverbs and even verbs. The different categories reflect different construals of the same conceptual content. In a nutshell, by adopting a cognitive linguistics approach, we show that the different uses of these compounds are related in a systematic way.

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J. M. Synge in America

Cited by 87 publications

References 10 publications

Understanding Ignition Delay Effects With Pure Component Fuels in a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

Understanding Ignition Delay Effects With Pure Component Fuels in a Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine

Early life stress reduces voluntary exercise and its prevention of diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction in mice

Antonymous Adjectives in Disyllabic Lexical Compounds in Mandarin: A Cognitive Linguistics Perspective

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