Izkušnje žensk ob nenačrtovanem porodu zunaj porodnišnice

Abstract

IZVLEČEKUvod: Porodi zunaj porodnišnice so v Sloveniji redkost. Nekaj teh porodov se zgodi tudi v Zgornjem Posočju, ki je posebno zaradi svojega geografskega položaja in časovne oddaljenosti do najbližje porodnišnice. Cilj raziskave je bil pridobiti poglobljen vpogled v doživljajski svet porodnic, ki so nenačrtovan porod zunaj porodnišnice izkusile, in zaznati oceno kakovosti ponujene obporodne skrbi skozi občuteno zadovoljstvo. Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kvalitativni metodologiji. V namenski vzorec je bilo vključenih 10 porodnic, ki so rodile med letoma 2004 in 2014. Podatki so bili pridobljeni s pomočjo delno strukturiranih intervjujev v juniju 2014 in analizirani z metodo analize besedila. Rezultati: Z metodo analize besedila je bilo identificiranih pet tem, in sicer (1) proces rojevanja -rituali, prakse in doživljanja, (2) podoživljanje poroda, (3) v žensko osredotočena skrb, (4) zaznana stopnja zadovoljstva z institucionalno obravnavo in (5) zaznavanje poroda med nosečnostjo -želje in pričakovanja. Diskusija in zaključek: Ugotovitve nakazujejo, da so med porodom v ospredju ljudje, ki so ob porodnici, in njihov odnos do nje. Čeprav se porodnice takrat morda res ne zavedajo vseh morebitnih tveganj, se tega zavedajo zdravstveni delavci ob njej. Vključene v raziskavo so svojo porodno izkušnjo izkusile kot pozitivno in obenem izrazile zadovoljstvo do obporodne zdravstvene oskrbe. Nadaljnje raziskovanje bi moralo vključevati vidik zdravstvenih delavcev. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Out-of-hospital births are rare in Slovenia. Some of these births occur also in the Upper Soča region, mainly due to its geographical location and the travel time to the nearest hospital, specifically. The aim of this study was to obtain a deeper insight into childbearing women's experience of unplanned out-ofhospital birth, and to evaluate the satisfaction with the quality of perinatal care provided. Methods: The study was based on a qualitative methodology. The purposive sample included 10 pregnant women who gave birth between 2004 and 2014. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews in June 2014 and were analysed by using the method of content analysis. Results: The analysis yields five thematic clusters, namely (1) birth process -rituals, practices and experiences, (2) re-experiencing birth, (3) woman-centred care, (4) perceived level of satisfaction with institutional treatment, and (5) feelings, desires and perceptions of women during pregnancy which are related to birth. Discussion and conclusion: The findings suggest that during unplanned out-of-hospital birth, the most important is the active and passive support of persons present and their attitude towards the woman in labour. Although women are not fully aware of all potential risks, the health professional present should be prepared and take all the preventive measures. The study participants perceived home birth as a positive experience and also expressed high level of satisfaction with perinatal health care. Further research should be undertaken to investig...