Ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) and African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis)

Kariuki, Edward; Kutima, Hellen; Kock, Michael D.; Horak, Ivan G.; Jooste, R.; Neves, Luís

doi:10.4102/ojvr.v86i1.1781

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Meanwhile, its occurrence on camels in the southern, northern, and eastern regions not only illustrates its feeding on multiple hosts but also indicates its ability to thrive in arid and semi-arid agroecologies, where camels are raised. In certain African countries, this tick appears to infest African buffalo and elephants [ 61 , 62 ], which further confirms its non-selective feeding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Although it affects a wide range of domestic animals, the highest infestation rate in goats suggests the presence of much of the goat population raised in arid and semi-arid agroecologies where this tick predominates. It has been shown that this tick circulates in almost all southern African countries and some in eastern Africa, such as Kenya and Sudan [ 58 , 61 , 63 ]. It appears that the tick inevitably infests many domestic animals and wildlife in these regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest burden of this tick in goats further explains the concordance of its distribution with the natural lowland agroecology, where goats are allowed to freely graze in Ethiopia. It has been found to infest wild animals besides domestic livestock in several southern African countries and Kenya [ 58 , 61 ]. This tick also exists in Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan [ 55 ], a neighboring country of Ethiopia in the northwestern region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographical distribution of ixodid ticks and tick-borne pathogens of domestic animals in Ethiopia: a systematic review

Kaba

2022

Parasites Vectors

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Background In Ethiopia, ixodid ticks and associated tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) are of great importance from both a veterinary and public health point of view. This review aimed at compiling available published data on the distribution of ixodid tick species and TBPs in the country. Methods A standard review approach was employed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Published peer-reviewed articles and theses/dissertations reporting on ixodid ticks and TBPs in Ethiopia were searched using different keywords in many electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, African Journals OnLine, and institutional repositories. Articles were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using the PRISMA flowchart. Data were retrieved from eligible articles and recorded in a preformed data record sheet. Descriptive statistics were employed to present data using graphs. QGIS (Quantum GIS) software version 3.4.5 was used to show the distribution of ixodid tick species and TBPs. Results Overall, 35 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Of these, 24 articles report only on ixodid ticks of domestic animals, six articles report only on TBPs in livestock or ticks, and five articles report on both ticks and TBPs in either animals or ticks. Of these studies, 54% were in the Oromia region, while only 3% of studies were in the Benishangul-Gumuz region. The Gambela region lacked studies on ticks and TBPs. At least 19 ixodid tick species have been recorded from different domestic animals including cattle, small ruminants, donkeys, horses, camels, dogs, and cats. Morphological characterization appears to be the sole method of tick species identification in the country. The distribution and abundance of specific tick species depend on geographical locations and agroecological factors. Sixteen molecularly confirmed TBPs have been identified in animal and tick tissue using molecular methods from only four administrative regions, despite the wide distribution of ticks. Among TBPs, five Anaplasma, two Ehrlichia, two Rickettsia, five Theileria, two Babesia, and one Coxiella species are the major pathogens in both livestock and humans. Conclusions Many ixodid ticks circulate in a wide geographical zone of Ethiopia. However, the limited reports on TBPs at the country level in general, and the absence of either tick or TBP reports around the border region with neighboring countries in particular, highlights the need for further study. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographical distribution of ixodid ticks and tick-borne pathogens of domestic animals in Ethiopia: a systematic review

Kaba

2022

Parasites Vectors

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“…The distribution of R. decoloratus ticks was reported in South Africa [12,22,50] and in other African countries [40,51], and R. microplus abundance was reported in Brazil [5,52] and Malaysia [53]. The resistance of R. decoloratus to acaricide was observed in Adehan et al [54], Kariuki et al [55]. This tick species transmit Babesia bigemina and A. marginale to cattle, and heavy infestations can cause tick worry and anemia [56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and tick loads in Nguni cattle reared in different environmental conditions across four provinces of South Africa

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: In tropical and subtropical countries, ixodid ticks are among livestock's most economically important ectoparasites. Although Nguni cattle from South Africa have adapted to harsh environments, it is unknown whether they will be resistant to ticks, and the diseases carried by ticks under various climatic conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to compare tick load and estimate the prevalence of different tick species among Nguni cattle under different environmental conditions. Materials and Methods: Tick counts were conducted monthly under natural challenges over 2 years on 586 Nguni cattle located at ARC-Roodeplaat and Loskop farms (warmer climate), Mukhuthali Nguni Community and the University of Fort Hare farms (cooler climate). The generalized linear model procedure of the Statistical Analysis System was used to analyze the data. It fitted the location (farm), sex, year, month or season, and animal age as covariates. Results: The tick species (relative prevalence) observed were as follows: Amblyomma hebraeum (42%), Rhipicephalus evertsi (22%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) spp. (16%), Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (11%), Hyalomma marginatum (5%), and Rhipicephalus simus (4%). Tick infestation was significantly affected by location, season, year, month of the tick counting and age of the animal. Loskop farm had the highest tick count (μ = 30.69) and showed the largest variation in tick count. Compared to the other seasons, higher tick counts were seen during the hot-dry (September–November) and hot-wet (December–February) seasons. A. hebraeum was the dominant tick species across all four farms, followed by R. evertsi. The perianal region (under the tail head), the perineum and the belly body locations were the most preferred tick attachment sites. Conclusion: These results provide useful information for developing appropriate control strategies for ticks and tick-borne diseases in these provinces of South Africa. Further work must investigate the feasibility of genetic improvement for tick resistance.

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“…Cette tique évoquée dans la chantefable appartient à un ordre d'arachnides acariens, les Ixodida (famille Ixodidae). Au regard de publications scientifiques (Kariuki et al 2019)…”

Section: Un Acarien Ectoparasite Plurispécifiqueunclassified

The hornbill’s call. Symbolic and ethnoecology of multi-species relations among the Baka

Joiris¹

2022

ethnoecologie

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Symbolique et ethnoécologie baka des relations multi-espècesThe hornbill's call. Symbolic and ethnoecology of multi-species relations among the Baka Daou Véronique Joiris Le cri du calao Revue d'ethnoécologie, 22 | 2022 Le contexte baka Les Baka sont des chasseurs-cueilleurs semi-sédentarisés, locuteurs d'une langue oubanguienne, répartis dans le sud-est du Cameroun, le nord du Gabon et le nord-ouest de la République du Congo, pour lesquels la chasse remplit encore des fonctions essentielles (concernant des relevés récents réalisés au Sud de la réserve du Dja, au Cameroun, voir Ávila Martin et al. 2020). Ils chassent des proies plus grandes, plus Le cri du calao Revue d'ethnoécologie, 22 | 2022

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Ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) and African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis)

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Geographical distribution of ixodid ticks and tick-borne pathogens of domestic animals in Ethiopia: a systematic review

Geographical distribution of ixodid ticks and tick-borne pathogens of domestic animals in Ethiopia: a systematic review

Prevalence and tick loads in Nguni cattle reared in different environmental conditions across four provinces of South Africa

The hornbill’s call. Symbolic and ethnoecology of multi-species relations among the Baka

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