Ixodes ricinus and Borrelia prevalence at the Arctic Circle in Norway

Hvidsten, Dag; Stuen, Snorre; Jenkins, Andrew; Dienus, Olaf; Olsen, Renate Slind; Kristiansen, B.; Mehl, Reidar; Matussek, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.09.003

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…In northern Norway, B. afzelii is particularly abundant (60–95% of the Borreli a‐infected ticks) with B. garinii and/or B. valaisiana in the remaining proportion. Except for its presence in a single tick , B. burgdorferi s.s. has not been detected by PCR in northern Norway .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the exact tick distribution limit in northwestern Europe has not been precisely established, it is well known that I. ricinus occurs in the northern region of Norway . Hvidsten et al showed that northwards from the district neighbouring Brønnøy (65° 28′ N) in Nordland County, there was a negative gradient of the number of I. ricinus collected from pets. Furthermore, the prevalence of B. burgdorferi s.l.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Blood donor Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalence and history of tick bites at a northern limit of the vector distribution

Hvidsten

Mortensen

Straume

et al. 2017

APMIS

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A-B, Lyng as G, Gray JS, Grude N. Blood donor Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalence and history of tick bites at a northern limit of the vector distribution. APMIS 2017; 125: 717-724.In order to study the antibody seroprevalence of the causal agent of Lyme borreliosis, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), and the history of tick bites at a geographical distribution limit of Ixodes ricinus, we compared healthy blood donors in geographically extreme regions: the borreliosis-endemic Vestfold County (59°N) and the region of northern Norway. Blood samples were screened using IgG/VlsE ELISA, and positive/borderline samples were confirmed using C6 ELISA and immunoblot assays. Also, donors completed a questionnaire consisting of several items including the places they have lived, and whether they owned any pets. The seroprevalence was 0.48% (5/1048) in northern Norway and 9.25% (48/519) in Vestfold County. Seven donors (of 1048) had experienced a single tick bite in the southern part of Nordland County (65°N) in northern Norway. This first study on B. burgdorferi s.l. antibody seroprevalence and tick bites on humans and pets in northern Norway showed that the seroprevalence of B. burgdorferi s.l. infection and the risk of tick bite in northern Norway are insignificant; the fact that only five positive IgG samples were detected underscores the very low background seroprevalence. These results suggest that so far I. ricinus has not expanded north of the previously established geographical distribution limit. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), the agent of Lyme borreliosis, is transmitted in Europe by the common tick, Ixodes ricinus. The tick is found throughout the region (1), from the southern Europe to Scandinavia except Iceland (2). Although the exact tick distribution limit in northwestern Europe has not been precisely established, it is well known that I. ricinus occurs in the northern region of Norway (3, 4). Hvidsten et al. (5) showed that northwards from the district neighbouring Brønnøy (65°28 0 N) in Nordland County, there was a negative gradient of the number of I. ricinus collected from pets. Furthermore, the prevalence of B. burgdorferi s.l. in ticks was much higher in Brøn-nøy compared with the regions north of Brønnøy: 29% and 4%, respectively. In addition to I. ricinus, two other ixodid tick species undergo a full life cycle in northern Norway: the seabird tick, Ixodes uriae, which is infected with B. burgdorferi s.l. (6), and the rodent tick, Ixodes trianguliceps, which very rarely bites humans and is not known to transmit B. burgdorferi s.l. (7). In Norway, all manifestations of Lyme borreliosis, except erythema migrans, are reported to the This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. 717

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Blood donor Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalence and history of tick bites at a northern limit of the vector distribution

Hvidsten

Mortensen

Straume

et al. 2017

APMIS

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“…This applies to I. ricinus in Norway [38, 39] and Sweden [40]. In Sweden I. ricinus has increased its abundance and geographical distribution northwards during the last two decades [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First evidence of established populations of the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Sweden

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe tick species Ixodes ricinus and I. persulcatus are of exceptional medical importance in the western and eastern parts, respectively, of the Palaearctic region. In Russia and Finland the range of I. persulcatus has recently increased. In Finland the first records of I. persulcatus are from 2004. The apparent expansion of its range in Finland prompted us to investigate if I. persulcatus also occurs in Sweden.MethodsDog owners and hunters in the coastal areas of northern Sweden provided information about localities where ticks could be present. In May-August 2015 we used the cloth-dragging method in 36 localities potentially harbouring ticks in the Bothnian Bay area, province Norrbotten (NB) of northern Sweden. Further to the south in the provinces Västerbotten (VB) and Uppland (UP) eight localities were similarly investigated.Results Ixodes persulcatus was detected in 9 of 36 field localities in the Bothnian Bay area. Nymphs, adult males and adult females (n = 46 ticks) of I. persulcatus were present mainly in Alnus incana - Sorbus aucuparia - Picea abies - Pinus sylvestris vegetation communities on islands in the Bothnian Bay. Some of these I. persulcatus populations seem to be the most northerly populations so far recorded of this species. Dog owners asserted that their dogs became tick-infested on these islands for the first time 7–8 years ago. Moose (Alces alces), hares (Lepus timidus), domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and ground-feeding birds are the most likely carriers dispersing I. persulcatus in this area. All ticks (n = 124) from the more southern provinces of VB and UP were identified as I. ricinus.ConclusionsThe geographical range of the taiga tick has recently expanded into northern Sweden. Increased information about prophylactic, anti-tick measures should be directed to people living in or visiting the coastal areas and islands of the Baltic Bay.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1658-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Вид распространен пре-имущественно южнее и западнее границ Рес-публики Карелия, при этом самые северные находки отмечены в районе полярного круга [Hvidsten et al, 2014]. Крупные природные пар-ки европейских городов с относительно низкой антропогенной нагрузкой делают возможным прохождение здесь всего жизненного цик-ла I. ricinus и создают определенную эпидемио-логическую напряженность [Junttila et al, 1999;Foldvari et al, 2011;Greenfield, 2011;Jennett et al, 2013;Rizzoli et al, 2014].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Species Composition and Abundance of Ixodid Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in the City of Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia, Russia

Bugmyrin¹,

Беспятова²,

Котовский³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of KarRC of RAS

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ВидоВой сосТаВ и численносТь иКсодоВыХ КлеЩей (ACARI: IXODIDAE) В г. ПеТроЗаВодсКе (ресПуБлиКа КарелиЯ, россиЯ) с. В. Бугмырин, л. а. Беспятова, н. Ю. Котовский, е. П. иешко Институт биологии Карельского научного центра РАНЦелью исследования было изучение видового состава, численности и распро-странения иксодовых клещей на территории г. Петрозаводска. Материал получен в мае-сентябре 2006-2014 гг. одновременно двумя методами: стандартным мето-дом сбора с растительности на флаг и собаку. Дополнительно к этому 47 экз. ик-содовых клещей предоставлены ветеринарными клиниками г. Петрозаводска. За весь период проведения исследования отмечено три вида клещей: Dermacentor marginatus, Ixodes persulcatus и Ixodes ricinus. Значительную долю в сборах состав-лял Ixodes persulcatus -344 особи. I. ricinus (5 самок) определили только в мате-риалах из ветеринарных клиник. Единственная самка D. marginatus снята с соба-ки на маршруте в центральной части города. В сборах на флаг был отмечен толь-ко I. persulcatus, относительная численность которого на контрольном маршруте (Ботанический сад, пригородная зона) варьировала в диапазоне 0,9-22 особи на флаго-км. В пределах города численность I. persulcatus была низкой (<1 экз. на фл.-км), все находки клещей в сборах на флаг единичны и связаны с периферий-ными, граничащими с естественными биотопами участками. Количество клещей, собранных на собаку, значительно превышало количество особей, учтенных стан-дартными методами, при этом иксодовые клещи были отмечены в относительно изолированных парках и скверах центральной части города. К л ю ч е в ы е с л о в а: Ixodes persulcatus; I. ricinus; город; численность; мониторинг. S. V. Bugmyrin, L. A. Bespyatova, N. Yu. Kotovskiy, E. P. Ieshko. SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ABUNDANCE OF IXODID TICKS (ACARI: IXODIDAE) IN THE CITY OF PETROZAVODSK, REPUBLIC OF KARELIA, RUSSIAThe aim was to study the species composition, abundances and distribution of ixodid ticks in the City of Petrozavodsk. Samples were collected in May-September, 2006-2014 using two methods simultaneously: by flagging from vegetation and by collection from dogs. In addition, 47 tick specimens were provided by veterinary clinics based in Petrozavodsk. Records from the entire study period include three tick species: Dermacentor marginatus, Ixodes persulcatus and Ixodes ricinus. A substantial share in the samples belonged to Ixodes persulcatus -344 specimens. I. ricinus (5 females) was identified only in the material coming from veterinary clinics. The only female D. marginatus was obtained from a dog from a route through the central part of the city. Samples collected by flagging contained only I. persulcatus, its relative abundance along the control transect (Botanical Garden, suburbs) ranging within 0.9-22 specimens per flag-km. I. persulcatus abundance within city limits was low (<1 tick per flag-km), all ticks collected by flagging being singular findings from peripheral areas adjoining natural habitats. The number of ticks re-

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Ixodes ricinus and Borrelia prevalence at the Arctic Circle in Norway

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

Blood donor Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalence and history of tick bites at a northern limit of the vector distribution

Blood donor Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seroprevalence and history of tick bites at a northern limit of the vector distribution

First evidence of established populations of the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Sweden

Species Composition and Abundance of Ixodid Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in the City of Petrozavodsk, Republic of Karelia, Russia

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