IVIM Imaging of Paraspinal Muscles Following Moderate and High-Intensity Exercise in Healthy Individuals

Englund, Erin K; Berry, David B.; Behun, John J.; Ward, Samuel R.; Frank, Lawrence R.; Shahidi, Bahar

doi:10.3389/fresc.2022.910068

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the variability and sensitivity of parameters needs to be taken into consideration when powering studies and interpreting results. Comparing these results to prior studies, there has been a wide range of IVIM parameters reported in muscle (8,9,35). This variability may in part be due to the lack of standardization of fitting approach, as results herein show significant differences in parameter values depending on choice of analysis method.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

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Assessment of fitting methods and variability of IVIM parameters in muscles of the lumbar spine at rest

Englund,

Berry,

Behun

et al. 2024

Front. Musculoskelet. Disord.

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Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI provides insight into tissue diffusion and perfusion. Here, estimates of perfusion fraction (f), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), and diffusion coefficient (D) obtained via different fitting methods are compared to ascertain (1) the optimal analysis strategy for muscles of the lumbar spine and (2) repeatability of IVIM parameters in skeletal muscle at rest. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired in the lumbar spine at rest in 15 healthy participants. Data were fit to the bi-exponential IVIM model to estimate f, D* and D using three variably segmented approaches based on non-linear least squares fitting, and a Bayesian fitting method. Assuming that perfusion and diffusion are temporally stable in skeletal muscle at rest, and spatially uniform within a spinal segment, the optimal analysis strategy was determined as the approach with the lowest temporal or spatial variation and smallest residual between measured and fit data. Inter-session repeatability of IVIM parameters was evaluated in a subset of 11 people. Finally, simulated IVIM signal at varying signal to noise ratio were evaluated to understand precision and bias. Experimental results showed that IVIM parameter values differed depending on the fitting method. A three-step non-linear least squares fitting approach, where D, f, and D* were estimated sequentially, generally yielded the lowest spatial and temporal variation. Solving all parameters simultaneously yielded the lowest residual between measured and fit data, however there was substantial spatial and temporal variability. Results obtained by Bayesian fitting had high spatial and temporal variability in addition to a large residual between measured and fit data. Simulations showed that all fitting methods can fit the IVIM data at signal to noise ratios >35, and that D* was the most challenging to accurately obtain. Overall, this study motivates use of a three-step non-linear least squares fitting strategy to quantify IVIM parameters in skeletal muscle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…employed in a variety of muscles, including those in the leg (1-4), shoulder (5,6), and lumbar spine (7)(8)(9). While ASL can quantify perfusion in physiologically relevant units, its spatial extent is somewhat limited and the perfusion response to stimuli such as exercise or induced ischemia dissipates quickly (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of fitting methods and variability of IVIM parameters in muscles of the lumbar spine at rest

Englund,

Berry,

Behun

et al. 2024

Front. Musculoskelet. Disord.

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“…For individuals in the exercise group, an acute pre‐operative machine‐based resistance exercise bout was performed on the day of surgery prior to pre‐operative check in. Participants performed 3 min of self‐paced lumbar extension on a resistance exercise machine (Nautilus Evo) which allows for isolation of the lumbar extensors through stabilization of the pelvis and has been previously shown to elicit measurable hemodynamic and metabolic responses in the paraspinal muscle in individuals with and without back pain 24,25 . Exercise intensity was normalized to 50% of the participant's body weight, and participants were instructed to pace themselves to achieve a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 6–7 out of 10 on the modified Borg Scale of Perceived Exertion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraspinal muscles in individuals undergoing surgery for lumbar spine pathology lack a myogenic response to an acute bout of resistance exercise

Shahidi,

Anderson,

Ordaz

et al. 2023

JOR Spine

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BackgroundLumbar spine pathology (LSP) is a common source of low back or leg pain, and paraspinal muscle in these patients demonstrates fatty and fibrotic infiltration, and cellular degeneration that do not reverse with exercise‐based rehabilitation. However, it is unclear of this lack of response is due to insufficient exercise stimulus, or an inability to mount a growth response. The purpose of this study was to compare paraspinal muscle gene expression between individuals with LSP who do and do not undergo an acute bout of resistance exercise.MethodsParaspinal muscle biopsies were obtained from 64 individuals with LSP undergoing spinal surgery. Eight participants performed an acute bout of machine‐based lumbar extension resistance exercise preoperatively. Gene expression for 42 genes associated with adipogenic/metabolic, atrophic, fibrogenic, inflammatory, and myogenic pathways was measured, and differential expression between exercised and non‐exercised groups was evaluated for (a) the full cohort, and (b) an age, gender, acuity, and etiology matched sub‐cohort. Principal components analyses were used to identify gene expression clustering across clinical phenotypes.ResultsThe exercised cohort demonstrated upregulation of inflammatory gene IL1B, inhibition of extracellular matrix components (increased MMP3&9, decreased TIMP1&3, COL1A1) and metabolic/adipogenic genes (FABP4, PPARD, WNT10B), and downregulation of myogenic (MYOD, ANKRD2B) and atrophic (FOXO3) genes compared to the non‐exercised cohort, with similar patterns in the matched sub‐analysis. There were no clinical phenotypes significantly associated with gene expression profiles.ConclusionAn acute bout of moderate‐high intensity resistance exercise did not result in upregulation of myogenic genes in individuals with LSP. The response was characterized by mixed metabolic and fibrotic gene expression, upregulation of inflammation, and downregulation of myogenesis.

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“…The increased magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) field strength and related technological innovations have recently led to a steady growth in IVIM analysis research. IVIM analysis is used to study human physiological and pathological processes, including the differentiation of benign and malignant tumors, pathological grading of malignant tumors, prognosis prediction, and many other aspects[ 3 - 6 ]. Moreover, research on IVIM sequence application in pancreatic diseases has also increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility study of intravoxel incoherent motion and apparent diffusion coefficient parameters in normal pancreas

Liu,

Wang,

et al. 2024

World J Gastrointest Surg

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BACKGROUND The consistency of pancreatic apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameter values across different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices significantly impacts the patient’s diagnosis and treatment. AIM To explore consistency in image quality, ADC values, and IVIM parameter values among different MRI devices in pancreatic examinations. METHODS This retrospective study was approved by the local ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. In total, 22 healthy volunteers (10 males and 12 females) aged 24-61 years (mean, 28.9 ± 2.3 years) underwent pancreatic diffusion-weighted imaging using 3.0T MRI equipment from three vendors. Two independent observers subjectively scored image quality and measured the pancreas’s overall ADC values and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Subsequently, regions of interest (ROIs) were delineated for the IVIM parameters (true diffusion coefficient, pseudo-diffusion coefficient, and perfusion fraction) using post-processing software. These ROIs were on the head, body, and tail of the pancrease. The subjective image ratings were assessed using the kappa consistency test. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and mixed linear models were used to evaluate each device’s quantitative parameter values. Finally, a pairwise analysis of IVIM parameter values across each device was performed using Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS The Kappa value for the subjective ratings of the different observers was 0.776 (P < 0.05). The ICC values for inter-observer and intra-observer agreements for the quantitative parameters were 0.803 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.684-0.880] and 0.883 (95%CI: 0.760-0.945), respectively (P < 0.05). The ICCs for the SNR between different devices was comparable (P > 0.05), and the ICCs for the ADC values from different devices were 0.870, 0.707, and 0.808, respectively (P < 0.05). Notably, only a few statistically significant inter-device agreements were observed for different IVIM parameters, and among those, the ICC values were generally low. The mixed linear model results indicated differences (P < 0.05) in the f -value for the pancreas head, D -value for the pancreas body, and D -value for the pancreas tail obtained using different MRI machines. The Bland-Altman plots showed significant variability at some data points. CONCLUSION ADC values are consistent among different devices, but the IVIM parameters’ repeatability is moderate. Therefore, the variability in the IVIM parameter values may be associated with using different MRI machines. Thus, caution should be exercised when using IVIM parameter values to assess the pancreas.

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IVIM Imaging of Paraspinal Muscles Following Moderate and High-Intensity Exercise in Healthy Individuals

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Assessment of fitting methods and variability of IVIM parameters in muscles of the lumbar spine at rest

Assessment of fitting methods and variability of IVIM parameters in muscles of the lumbar spine at rest

Paraspinal muscles in individuals undergoing surgery for lumbar spine pathology lack a myogenic response to an acute bout of resistance exercise

Reproducibility study of intravoxel incoherent motion and apparent diffusion coefficient parameters in normal pancreas

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