“…The barium meal films were reviewed at random by one of us who was unaware of the clinical particulars. The four criteria of Laws and Pitman (1960) were sought, together with the additional two described by Joske and Vaughan (1962), namely, tubular shape, small volume, bald fundus, tissue paper folds, H-bomb sign, and disappearing mucosal folds. Each sign was recorded as being either present or absent, and in order to avoid false positives, criteria were considered present only when they appeared unequivocal.…”