ITS barcoding using high resolution melting analysis of Cannabis sativa drug seizures in Chile: A forensic application

Sequence variation of commercially available kratom products at universal DNA barcode regions

“…However, DNA is not influenced by these factors and can be used to identify the plant species in products as well, as can be used as a forensic intelligence tool to monitor the trafficking of kratom. This has been previously demonstrated in another plant of abuse, Cannabis sativa [25–28].…”

Interpol Review of Drug Analysis 2019-2022

“…2019 identification of four functional SNPs that are likely to induce decreased THCAS activity in the fiber-type cannabis plants [ 409 ]; 2020 review of genomics of cannabis [ 410 ]; analysis of plastomes for genetic identification and characterization of drug and nondrug-types of Cannabis [ 411 ]; evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of two STR multiplex systems to individualize and differentiate seized Cannabis sativa samples by geographic region [ 412 ]; two highly polymorphic regions of the chloroplast genome of C. sativa, tps16 and clpP, to be used for determination of crop type and biogeographical origin [ 413 ]; determination of the genetic composition of ten drug seizures of Cannabis using PCR combined with a high resolution melting (HRM) strategy and a barcoding marker (ITS) [ 414 ]; high-throughput PACE (PCR Allele Competitive Extension) assays for C. sativa plant sex and cannabinoid chemotype [ 415 ]; Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) for determination of technical Cannabis cultivars and genetic variability [ 416 ]; characterization of cannabinoid content and investigation of CBDAS genotypes of >300 feral C. sativa plants [ 417 ]; 2021 investigation of the ancestry of a new cultivar and cannabinoid synthase genes in relation to cannabinoid inheritance [ 418 ]; genetic engineering methods in cannabis [ 419 ]; assessment of the genetic and phenotypic consistency in available high-CBD hemp varieties of seed or clones from 22 different named accessions meant for commercial production [ 420 ]; review of the history of Cannabis and the molecular pathways that underpin the production of key secondary metabolites that may confer medical efficacy [ 421 ]; investigation of the genetic identity of Cannabis supplied by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) relative to common categories within the species including wild Hemp (feral; 6) and cultivated Hemp (3), CBD drug type (3), and high THC drug type subdivided into Sativa (11), Hybrid (14), and Indica (10) [ 422 ]; study of how genetics effect cannabinoid content [ 423 ]; genetic study investigating phytochemistry, reproductive traits, growth architecture, and leaf morphology from 297 hybrid individuals from a cross between two diverse lineages [ 424 ]; genomic analysis of multiple Cannabis varieties from diverse lineages including two produced by NIDA [ 425 ]; identification and loci mapping of 69 loci associated with agronomic (34) and biochemical (35) trait variation [ 426 ]; DNA testing using a simple kit on suspected cannabis samples with exceptionally shaped leaves [ 427 ]; 2022 study of 73 Cannabis sativa whole-genome shotgun libraries to reveal eight different mtDNA haplotypes [ 428 ]; optimization and evaluation of a previously reported single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay for determining C. sativa crop type to distinguish between marijuana and hemp [ 429 ...…”

The Future of DNA Barcoding: Reflections from Early Career Researchers

“…Biomonitoring is a major application of DNA barcoding, and although the term is most often used to refer to ecological assessments, it also encompasses biological identifications to support border control, food authenticity, pharmaceutical monitoring, etc., with sample characterization and identification as the common base task (e.g., [43][44][45]). Increased knowledge of community composition and species interactions can lead to more precise biomonitoring and allow for the tracking and tracing of particularly important taxa, including endangered and invasive species (e.g., [46]).…”