iTRAQ-Based Proteomics Identification of Serum Biomarkers of Two Chronic Hepatitis B Subtypes Diagnosed by Traditional Chinese Medicine

Abstract

Background. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. By traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pattern classification, damp heat stasis in the middle-jiao (DHSM) and liver Qi stagnation and spleen deficiency (LSSD) are two most common subtypes of CHB. Results. In this study, we employed iTRAQ proteomics technology to identify potential serum protein biomarkers in 30 LSSD-CHB and 30 DHSM-CHB patients. Of the total 842 detected proteins, 273 and 345 were differentially expressed in LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB patients compared to healthy controls, respectively. LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB shared 142 upregulated and 84 downregulated proteins, of which several proteins have been reported to be candidate biomarkers, including immunoglobulin (Ig) related proteins, complement components, apolipoproteins, heat shock proteins, insulin-like growth factor binding protein, and alpha-2-macroglobulin. In addition, we identified that proteins might be potential biomarkers to distinguish LSSD-CHB from DHSM-CHB, such as A0A0A0MS51_HUMAN (gelsolin), PON3_HUMAN, Q96K68_HUMAN, and TRPM8_HUMAN that were differentially expressed exclusively in LSSD-CHB patients and A0A087WT59_HUMAN (transthyretin), ITIH1_HUMAN, TSP1_HUMAN, CO5_HUMAN, and ALBU_HUMAN that were differentially expressed specifically in DHSM-CHB patients. Conclusion. This is the first time to report serum proteins in CHB subtype patients. Our findings provide potential biomarkers can be used for LSSD-CHB and DHSM-CHB.

Comparative Proteomic Profiling and Biomarker Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Based HIV/AIDS Syndromes

“…KEGG pathway annotation 29 revealed that the DEPs in AHT and YDSK group both mainly functioned in the signaling pathways of systemic lupus erythematosus (hsa05322), staphylococcus aureus infection (hsa05150), tuberculosis (hsa05152), viral myocarditis (hsa05416), PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (hsa04151) and phospholipase D signaling pathway (hsa04072) (Fig. 3 ).…”

“…A flurry of applications, e.g . detection of diagnosis biomarkers for pulmonary tuberculosis 28 , chronic hepatitis B 29 and prenatal neural tube defects 30 , have been driven in past decade.…”

“…In this research, we aimed to identify the biological differences and serum biomarkers of AHT and YDSK syndromes by employing iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS coupled with bioinformatics 23 , 31 and western blot analyses 29 . Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of AHT and YDSK patients compared with healthy people were screened out with iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS firstly.…”

Differential Proteomic Analysis of Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)‐Induced Liver Fibrosis

“…For instance, fibulin‐5 was identified as a novel protein expressed in relation to hepatic fibrosis . The differential expression of microfibril‐associated glycoprotein 4, lumican, and collagen alpha‐1 chain in association with hepatic fibrosis was confirmed by Yang et al . Hemopexin and signal‐induced proliferation‐associated 1 like 1 were proved to be potential serum markers of CCl 4 ‐induced liver fibrogenesis among analyzed proteins by Marfa et al.…”

Analysis of the plasma proteome using iTRAQ and TMT‐based Isobaric labeling

“…In terms of viral infections, Dengue fever, Hepatitis B and C, HIV and Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have been studied using iTRAQ of plasma and serum samples. Liu et al compared plasma from individuals with chronic hepatitis B virus‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), non‐malignant cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis B, and healthy individuals.…”