Abstract:Italy’s system of fiscal federalism and financial relations is comparable to an inverted pendulum that, unlike a normal pendulum that is stable when hanging downwards, is unstable and must be actively balanced to remain upright. For now, it is balanced by applying a torque at the pivot point that is centrally steered, and not by moving the pivot point horizontally as part of a feedback system in which its multiple actors enter dialogue on an equal footing. What is meant by this, and which factors or developmen… Show more
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