“…This is evident in many ways including the use of GIS (Williams et al, 1999;Summerby-Murray, 2001), computer-based assessment (Charman & Elmes, 1998), CAL software packages (Browne & Funnell, 1998;Towse & Garside, 1998), virtual fieldwork (Dykes et al, 1999;Stainfield et al, 2000), online module support materials (Grattan, 1998;Graham & McNeil, 1999), electronic conferencing (Vincent, 2000), and modelling and simulation exercises (Castleford & Robinson, 1996). In recent years, this engagement with C & IT has been facilitated by the diffusion of Internet technologies and World Wide Web (WWW)-based software (Lemke & Ritter, 2000).…”