It’s time to change the recommendations on COVID‐19 and human milk donations

Picaud, Jean Charles; Buffin, Rachel; Rigourd, Virginie; Boscher, Cécile; Lamireau, Delphine; Dumoulin, D.; Voirin, Fouzia; Lefur, Solène; Frange, Pierre; Lina, Bruno

doi:10.1111/apa.15782

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The beneficial properties of breastfeeding including the practice of skin-to-skin care and the transfer of protective maternal antibodies via breast milk (especially secretory IgA (sIgA) and, to a lesser extent, IgM and IgG isotype immunoglobulins) are well established [22]. Recent evidence indicates that breastfeeding does not seem to be associated with neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection because viral transmission through the milk, if any, should be rare [23] and because a robust sIgA-dominant SARS-CoV-2 antibody response is detectable in human milk soon after infection in a significant majority of individuals [24], suggesting a possible protection granted by the mothers to their infants [25][26][27][28][29][30]. Moreover, there is evidence in vitro suggesting whey proteins in human breastmilk as a direct-acting inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Early Separation of Maternal-Newborn Dyad in Neonates Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Mothers: An Observational Study

Conti

Natale

Stolfi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection continues its spread all over the world, data on perinatal management of the maternal-infant dyad are urgent. We performed an observational study to describe the effects of the early separation of the maternal-infant dyad, in case of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. We reported the medical records for 37 neonates born to 37 SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers in a setting of separation of the dyad after birth. Data on neonatal infection, clinical condition, and breastfeeding rate were recorded until the first month of life. No maternal deaths were recorded; 37.8% of women had at least one pregnancy-related complication. We reported a high adherence to recommended safety measures after discharged with 84.8% of the mothers using at least one personal protective device and 51.5% using all the protective devices. We reported one case of vertical transmission and no cases of horizontal transmission. However, the separation of the dyad had a negative impact on breastfeeding because only 23.5% of the newborns received exclusively human milk during the first month of life. Despite early separation of the dyad protecting the newborns from possible horizontal transmission of SARS-CoV-2, it negatively affects breastfeeding during the first months of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Early Separation of Maternal-Newborn Dyad in Neonates Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Mothers: An Observational Study

Conti

Natale

Stolfi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…One of the silver linings of the pandemic is that it has reconfirmed that milk banking is an extremely safe and well self‐regulated pursuit and that there is no need to ratchet up regulation (Picaud et al, 2021 ). As a bank director put it, the ‘HMBANA standards are written very carefully, very thoughtfully.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on North American milk banks

Cohen

Cassidy

2021

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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This study aims to understand the impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on human milk banking services in North America, with a focus on the United States. We triangulated questionnaire data with interviews and text‐based website data. Of the 30 human milk bank services from which data were obtained, the majority faced substantial internal organization change in terms of staffing and protocols and experienced financial hardship in particular because of decreases in donor human milk orders. At the same time, most banks reported an increase in their numbers of donors and in the volume of milk collected. These results show that the pandemic significantly affected the way in which many North American milk banks operate, some lactating mothers donate their milk and, at least during the first few months of the crisis, certain hospitals' donor human milk ordering patterns changed. It suggests in particular that stay‐at‐home orders and the turn to remote work created the potential for a surge in human milk available for donation as a number of parents no longer needed their surplus for their own children. Legal and policy reform should focus on replicating the positive effects of the pandemic on breastfeeding by guaranteeing paid parental leave and flexible work conditions. Initiatives should also aim at counteracting its negative effects by mandating the insurance coverage of donor human milk, supporting milk banks financially and, more generally, integrating lactation and human milk banking services within the health system.

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“…The emergence of more infectious variant viral strains 501.V2 (first identified in South Africa) and B.1.1.7 (discovered in the United Kingdom) introduces further urgency to stop the transmission of this virus 16 . There is no clear scientific evidence documenting vertical transmission from an infected pregnant person to the fetus before birth 6 or transmission through ingestion of human milk 17 . Although the prevalence, transmission, and epidemiology of these viruses differ, there are many parallels in terms of diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty, lack of effective therapeutics, maternal and neonatal complications, and social impacts, which will be covered in the following sections (Table 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Zika Virus and COVID‐19: Clinical Overview and Public Health Messaging

McBroom

2021

J Midwife Womens Health

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Prenatal exposure to the Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with a significant risk of neurological impairment for infants. ZIKV serves as a cautionary model with significant parallels to the current coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. A limited literature search was performed to compare and contrast the clinical and psychosocial aspects of infection with ZIKV and COVID‐19. There are significant parallels between ZIKV disease and COVID‐19 in terms of limited diagnostic techniques, therapeutics, and prognostic uncertainties. Both infections are associated with a significant risk of adverse outcomes for either the pregnant individual or the fetus. Existing social and economic inequalities amplify the risk burden of ZIKV disease and COVID‐19 in vulnerable communities. Although each pathogen has unique features, there are underlying common principles with regard to the recognition, communication, and mitigation of risk of infection. Misinformation spread by social media platforms has undermined public health efforts and patient adoption of recommended mitigation strategies. Health care providers can provide partnership, social support, and evidence‐based information to enhance health‐seeking behaviors, thereby minimizing the risks for pregnant and reproductive‐aged persons.

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It’s time to change the recommendations on COVID‐19 and human milk donations

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Consequences of Early Separation of Maternal-Newborn Dyad in Neonates Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Mothers: An Observational Study

Consequences of Early Separation of Maternal-Newborn Dyad in Neonates Born to SARS-CoV-2 Positive Mothers: An Observational Study

The impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on North American milk banks

A Comparison of Zika Virus and COVID‐19: Clinical Overview and Public Health Messaging

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