It's not what you say but the way that you say it: an fMRI study of differential lexical and non-lexical prosodic pitch processing

Tracy, Derek K.; Ho, Dcw; O’Daly, Owen; Michalopoulou, Panayiota G.; Lloyd, Lisa Claire; Dimond, Eleanor; Matsumoto, Kazunori; Shergill, Sukhwinder S.

doi:10.1186/1471-2202-12-128

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Repetitive TMS (rTMS) can be applied as either low (≤1 Hz) or high (≥5 Hz) frequency; the former considered typically inhibitory to underlying neurons, the latter excitatory (Pell et al 2011). The effects on distal but functionally connected regions may be more complex (Tracy et al 2011, Tracy et al 2014). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

et al. 2016

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rTMS is increasingly used for a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions. There are data to support ‘fast’ rTMS (≥10 Hz) having some positive effects on cognitive functioning, but a dearth of research looking at any such effects of ‘slow’ rTMS. This question is important as cognitive dysfunction accompanies many neuropsychiatric conditions and neuromodulation that potentially enhances or hinders such functioning has important clinical consequences. To determine cognitive effects of slow (≤1 Hz) rTMS, a systematic review of randomized control trials assayed cognition in neurological, psychiatric, and healthy volunteer ≤1 Hz rTMS paradigms. Both active (fast rTMS) and placebo comparators were included. 497 Records were initially obtained; 20 met inclusion criteria for evaluation. Four major categories emerged: mood disorders; psychotic disorders; cerebrovascular accidents; and ‘other’ (PTSD, OCD, epilepsy, anxiety, and tinnitus). Cognitive effects were measured across several domains: attention, executive functioning, learning, and psychomotor speed. Variability of study paradigms and reporting precluded meta-analytical analysis. No statistically significant improvement or deterioration was consistently found in any cognitive domain or illness category. These data support the overall safety of rTMS in not adversely affecting cognitive functioning. There are some data indicating that rTMS might have cognitive enhancing potential, but these are too limited at this time to make any firm conclusions, and the literature is marked by considerable heterogeneity in study parameters that hinder interpretation. Greater consensus is required in future studies in cognitive markers, and particularly in reporting of protocols. Future work should evaluate the effects of rTMS on cognitive training.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

et al. 2016

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“…Despite the role of the right-hemisphere in acoustic processing of lexical tones that is important for spoken Mandarin, there is evidence that phonological processing of lexical tones is subserved by the left hemisphere in native Mandarin speakers (Gandour et al, 2004;Gu, Zhang, Hu, & Zhao, 2013;Tracy et al, 2011;Wang, Wang, & Chen, 2013;Xu et al, 2006). Electrophysiological and fMRI evidence has shown that processing lexical tones is left-lateralized in native Mandarin speakers, especially for pitch contour information, while processing acoustic tones remains right-lateralized regardless of listeners' language background (Gandour et al, 2004;Tong et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White-matter structure in the right hemisphere predicts Mandarin Chinese learning success

Han

Garel

et al. 2015

Journal of Neurolinguistics

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a b s t r a c tSecond language learning becomes increasingly difficult with age, but some adults learn more successfully than others. We examined whether inter-subject variability in the microstructure of white matter pathways, as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), would predict native English speakers' outcomes in learning Mandarin Chinese. Twenty-one adults were scanned before participating in an intensive 4-week Mandarin course. At the end of the Mandarin course, participants completed a final exam that assessed their skills in both spoken and written Mandarin. Individual participants' white-matter tracts were reconstructed from their native DTI data and related to final-exam performance. Superior language learning was correlated with DTI measures in the right hemisphere, but not in the left hemisphere. In particular, greater initial fractional anisotropy (FA) in both the right superior longitudinal fasciculus (parietal bundle) and the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus was associated with more successful Mandarin learning. The relation between white-matter structure in the right hemisphere of native English speakers and successful initial language learning may reflect the tonal and visuo-spatial properties, respectively, of spoken and written Mandarin Chinese.

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“…How a speaker says something is as relevant as what he or she says (Tracy et al, 2011). In all of these situations, the verbal message is important, but so is the nonverbal language, which supports the meaning of the message.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In all of these situations, the verbal message is important, but so is the nonverbal language, which supports the meaning of the message. How a speaker says something is as relevant as what he or she says (Tracy et al, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pitch Range Variations Improve Cognitive Processing of Audio Messages

2017

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This study explores the effect of different speaker intonation strategies in audio messages on attention, autonomic arousal, and memory. In this study, participants listened to 16 radio commercials, produced to vary in pitch range across sentences. Dependent variables were self‐reported effectiveness and adequacy, psychophysiological arousal and attention, immediate word recall and recognition of information. Results showed that messages conveyed with pitch variations achieved better scores compared to commercials with a homogenous pitch range across the sentences. This was especially the case when high pitch intonation was followed by low pitch within a sentence. The results increase our understanding of the influence of pitch range on processing by establishing a concrete strategy as a best practice for improving attention and memory.

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It's not what you say but the way that you say it: an fMRI study of differential lexical and non-lexical prosodic pitch processing

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

A systematic review of the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition

White-matter structure in the right hemisphere predicts Mandarin Chinese learning success

Pitch Range Variations Improve Cognitive Processing of Audio Messages

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