It's in My Hood: Understanding African American Boys’ Perception of Safety in Their Neighborhoods

Thomas, Alvin; Caldwell, Cleopatra Howard; Jagers, Robert J.; Flay, Brian R.

doi:10.1002/jcop.21768

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Socially cohesive neighborhoods could be beneficial to boys and girls who experience racial discrimination by allowing adolescents to seek and receive support from neighborhood peers and adults by discussing how to manage racial discrimination. This type of support could prevent youth from internalizing experiences with racial discrimination, thereby increasing their mood, self‐worth, and feelings of safety and support (Thomas, Caldwell, Jagers, & Flay, ). For example, in socially cohesive neighborhoods community members may have discussions about where they have experienced racial discrimination and from whom (Riina et al., ), thereby increasing awareness and possibly providing youth with messages about coping strategies for racial discrimination (Stevenson, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood social processes as moderators between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms for African American adolescents

Saleem

Busby

Lambert

2018

Journal Community Psychology

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Racial discrimination is associated with numerous psychological consequences, including increased depressive symptoms for African American adolescents Wong, Eccles, & Sameroff, 2003). Adolescents' perceptions of their neighborhood can influence how youth interpret and manage racial discrimination (Sampson, Morenoff, & Gannon-Rowley, 2002). Yet little is known about how adolescent perceptions of neighborhood cohesion and neighborhood disorganization protect or exacerbate the effects of racial discrimination, or how these effects vary by youth's gender. Therefore, the current study examined whether neighborhood social cohesion and neighborhood disorganization moderated the association between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms for African American adolescents and how the effects differ for boys and girls.Participants were 106 African American adolescents (57% female; mean age 15.14) from an urban metropolitan area. Regression analyses suggest that perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion protected against racial discrimination for boys and girls. Additionally, the results indicate that when boys perceive less neighborhood disorganization, racial discrimination has a greater influence on their depressive symptoms. Findings have implications for intervention and prevention efforts that enhance and utilize positive neighborhood social processes for youth contending with racial discrimination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood social processes as moderators between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms for African American adolescents

Saleem

Busby

Lambert

2018

Journal Community Psychology

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“…The second section asked about perceptions of safety using five items drawn from three standardized scales. The first two items were the Fear of Crime measure created by Haberman et al (2016) and the next two items were taken from the 5-item Neighborhood Collective Efficacy scale (Thomas et al 2016). The final item was taken from the 3-item Perceived Neighborhood Safety measure (Merrin et al 2015) (see Table 9 for item wording).…”

Section: Community Baseline Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating a Pop-Up Resource Village in West Oakland: Making Connections with Sense of Place and Perceptions of Safety

McCunn

Vickerie-Dearman

Gagnon

2020

Int. Journal of Com. WB

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A non-profit organization called Designing Justice+Designing Spaces led the implementation of a pop-up resource village (PRV) to transform an underutilized urban site into a vibrant community space. One aim of the PRV was to affect public safety through site activation while merging access to education, social services, and retail resources that 'popup' in customized mobile units. This case study employed a mixed-methods research approach to examine how community attendees at the first four stages of the PRV's operations, as well as at its formal launch, conceptualized its design in terms of sense of place (SOP), safety, and level of engagement with local businesses and the diverse cultural aspects of West Oakland. Generally, the PRV was understood positively by attendees and community members in the area. Attendees indicated strong place attachment toward the area in which the events were situated, as well as a strong agreement that the PRV enhances relationships in their community, offers residents and visitors a sense of safety, assists local entrepreneurs in growing their businesses, and increases access to social services. Participants also agreed very strongly that a PRV set up regularly in the area would benefit the community of West Oakland. A primary theme of community togetherness came forward in qualitative analyses. Results suggest that those implementing PRVs should work to create or sustain social connection within a community's established culture while supporting local entrepreneurs and artists, engendering a sense of safety, and affording opportunities for education.Keywords Pop-up village . Community-building . Place-making . Neighborhood safety A pop-up resource village (PRV) can be conceptualized as an organized effort to bring together the people, local businesses, and cultural aspects of a particular community.

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“…Further, Benbenishty and Astor (, ) also found an association between rates of student victimization and crime rates and students’ demographic characteristics. In the United States, Thomas, Caldwell, Jagers, and Flay (), studied African‐American males in schools in poorer metropolitan Chicago neighborhoods and found that their perception of safety in their neighborhood was influenced by their perception of neighborhood collective efficacy and by their experiences of violence in and outside of school. Overall, the literature provides evidence of an association between low socioeconomic status (SES), high rates of violence and crime, and higher levels of school violence (Carrasco, Zamora, & Castillo, ; Thomas et al., ).…”

Section: Community‐related Factors Involved In Perceived School Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

School and community factors involved in Chilean students’ perception of school safety

López

Torres‐Vallejos

Villalobos‐Parada

et al. 2017

Psychology in the Schools

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Identifying and understanding predictors of school safety perceptions is important due to its consequences for students. However, itis not clear what school-related factors most contribute to explaining students' perception of school safety, and how they relate to community-related factors such as neighborhood safety. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors associated with Chilean elementary and middle school students' perceptions of school safety. We used a sample of 5,455 students from low socioeconomic status public schools, and analyzed the predictive value of peer physical and verbal victimization; teacher and school staff victimization; teacher's social support; and perception of safety in the students' neighborhoods on perceptions of school safety. Findings showed that although different forms of school violence, particularly peer physical victimization and physical and sexual victimization from teachers and school staff, contribute to students' perception of school safety, the highest contribution came from students perceiving their neighborhoods as unsafe. In contrast, teacher social support contributed to increased levels of perceived school safety. We discuss the need for school-based interventions that address physical victimization and engage teachers in prosocial and less punitive approaches to foster a positive and safe school climate, and in fostering school-community partnerships.

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It's in My Hood: Understanding African American Boys’ Perception of Safety in Their Neighborhoods

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Neighborhood social processes as moderators between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms for African American adolescents

Neighborhood social processes as moderators between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms for African American adolescents

Evaluating a Pop-Up Resource Village in West Oakland: Making Connections with Sense of Place and Perceptions of Safety

School and community factors involved in Chilean students’ perception of school safety

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