“It Makes Me a Better Person and Doctor”: A Qualitative Study of Residents’ Perceptions of a Curriculum Addressing Racism

Anti-stigma advocacy for health professionals: a systematic review

“…Most of the studies were done in high-income countries, most in the USA or Canada (Bakshi et al., 2015 ; Boutain, 2008 ; Crawford et al., 2017 ; Dharamsi et al., 2010 ; Flatt-Fultz & Phillips, 2012 ; Gonzalez et al., 2015 , 2020 ; Jindal et al., 2022 ; Knaak, 2018 ; Lax et al., 2019 ; Sukhera et al., 2020 ; Tucker et al., 2020 ; White-Davis et al., 2018 ; Zäske et al., 2014 ). Four studies included data from middle and low-income countries (Ezedinachi et al., 2002 ; Geibel et al., 2017 ; Potts et al., 2022 ; Uys et al., 2009 ) In terms of participants, 24 studies focused on healthcare students, be that nursing or medicine, describing programs added to teaching curriculums at universities (Allen et al., 2013 ; Bakshi et al., 2015 ; Boutain, 2008 ; Burdett et al., 2010 ; Crawford et al., 2017 ; DallaPiazza et al., 2018 ; DeLashmutt & Rankin, 2005 ; Dharamsi et al., 2010 ; Gonzalez et al., 2015 , 2020 ; İnan et al., 2019 ; Jones, 2000 ; Jindal et al., 2022 ; Lax et al., 2019 ; Mason & Miller, 2006 ; McAllister, 2008 ; O Carroll & O’Reilly, 2019 ; Potts et al., 2022 ; Shah et al., 2014 ; Sheely-Moore & Kooyman, 2011 ; Tucker et al., 2020 ; Üstün & İnan, 2018 ; Wagaman et al., 2019 ; Werkmeister Rozas & Garran, 2016 ). A small proportion of studies focused on participants with work experience, such as therapists or specialist mental healthcare staff (Ezedinachi et al., 2002 ; Fisher et al., 2017 ; Fisher-Borne, 2009 ; Flatt-Fultz & Phillips, 2012 ; Knaak, 2018 ; Li et al., 2015 , 2013 ; Nelso...…”

“…Fourteen of the 41 studies included considered the idea that the goals of the program should align with the vision of the curriculum or the role of the professional themselves (Bakshi et al., 2015 ; Boutain, 2008 ; Dharamsi et al., 2010 ; Geibel et al., 2017 ; Gonzalez et al., 2015 ; Jones, 2000 ; Jindal et al., 2022 ; Lax et al., 2019 ; Mason & Miller, 2006 ; Sherman et al., 2019 ; Üstün & İnan, 2018 ; Wagaman et al., 2019 ; Werkmeister Rozas & Garran, 2016 ; White-Davis et al., 2018 ). This means that the programs’ theory base was set on the premise that it is supposed to teach its participants something that should be core to their knowledge in their profession.…”

“…The length of the programs varied, from hours to days or weeks. Most studies included a component of knowledge transmission (Allen et al., 2013 ; Bakshi et al., 2015 ; Boutain, 2008 ; DeLashmutt & Rankin, 2005 ; Dharamsi et al., 2010 ; Ezedinachi et al., 2002 ; Geibel et al., 2017 ; Gonzalez et al., 2015 ; İnan et al., 2019 ; Jindal et al., 2022 ; Knaak, 2018 ; Lax et al., 2019 ; Li et al., 2015 ; Mason & Miller, 2006 ; McAllister, 2008 ; Potts et al., 2022 ; Sherman et al., 2019 ; Sukhera et al., 2020 ; Tucker et al., 2020 ; Üstün & İnan, 2018 ; Uys et al., 2009 ; Wagaman et al., 2019 ; Webb & Sergison, 2003 ; Werkmeister Rozas & Garran, 2016 ; White-Davis et al., 2018 ; Wu et al., 2019 ; Zäske et al., 2014 ). The latter was achieved in several different ways, for example, lecture components on basic facts of discrimination, didactic teaching, a transformative learning approach, roleplays, seminars, workshops, videos, case-based examples.…”

2022 consensus conference on diversity, equity, and inclusion: Developing an emergency medicine research agenda for addressing racism through health care research

“…In the preconference literature review, we found articles in the literature that highlight strategies for addressing racism and racial bias on internalized, interpersonal, institutional, and systemic levels 26,44–52 . Much of the literature focused on describing workshops and efforts to address racism in health care and diversity in recruitment of health care professionals 45,47,48,50,51 . While several of the available articles raise awareness of issues and provide suggestions for interventions, few articles exist with data measuring the impact of such interventions 53,54 .…”

“…In the preconference literature review, we found articles in the literature that highlight strategies for addressing racism and racial bias on internalized, interpersonal, institutional, and systemic levels. 26,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Much of the literature focused on describing workshops and efforts to address racism in health care and diversity in recruitment of health care professionals. 45,47,48,50,51 While several of the available articles raise awareness of issues and provide suggestions for interventions, few articles exist with data measuring the impact of such interventions.…”